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Elevated Railroading by these Devices are Tremendous 
Honey flaking Inventions. 






NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC 



BUSINESS MEN AND WOMEN 



The general construction of the system herein described, together with 
the various details and modifications suggested or outlined, will shortly be 
made the subject matter of numerous letters patent of the United States and 
foreign countries, which it is the intention of the author to apply for , 
original inventor. 

You can make IOO per cent on your INVESTMENT by getting 
on the GROUND FLOOR. 

READ BOOK OF INVENTIONS! 



By C. D. MOSHER, 

2726 WABASH AVE., CHICAGO, ILL 



AN EMINENT JUDGE'S RECENT OPINION. 

As one eminent judge recently said : " The city has the power to regu- 
late the use of the streets, and to change the grade and crossings of any rail- 
road." The same judge said: "If the city required the railroad companies 
to elevate their tracks, it would put a stop to killing 400 persons annually." 
I will add, maiming and wounding for life three times as many more, this 
make 1,600 killed and made cripples of in one year, in ten years 16,000, in 
one hundred years this would make a grand army of not less than 160,000 dead 
and wounded cripples, This is not all by this murderous attack upon the 
people ; posterity and the country has lost forever the increase in population 
in one hundred years of not less than 160,000 more intelligent men and women. 
These, intelligent, money-making men and women would have accumulated not 
less than $50,000,000 during all these years had they been permitted to I 

This accumulation of judgment rendered to-day by honest j 
against this cruel injustice and oppression to the people, would elevate 
railroad track in Chicago, street cars and all, and build all the dej> 
suggested in this book. 

The power to elevate these tracks simply lies in the officials of Chi 
These officials simply hold their office trust by the suffrage of the people. 
People do your duty and elect officials who will fearlessly enforce just 1 
humanity — honest justice demands it. 



DEDICATED 
/ 



President and Law Makersat Washington, 

TO THE ' - 

Officials of Railroad Companies, 



Prominent Men and Women of America. 



Lend a Helping Hand 



SUGGESTIONS^^INVENTIONS, 

SUBJECTS UPON WHICH VOLUMES COULD BE WRITTEN, 



BETTERING THE CONDITIONS OF HUMANITY, 



For Improving™ Industries of ™ Nation. 



PRICE : Single Copy, $i.oo; io Copies, $5.00; 100 Copies, §25.00. 

ADE/RESS, 

C. D. ^MOSHER, ^T& 5 

2726 WABASH AVENUE, CHICAGO, ILL. 
Read Index Page of Six Months' Studies in Book of Suggestions and Inventions. 






~f~3 33 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 18QI. 

By CHARLES D. MOSHER, 

In eke office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



All Patent Claims Reserved. 



Press of 

WM. JOHNSTON PRINTING CO. 

CHICAGO. 




2***"*^ 



^■mt^ 



INDEX. 

OF SIX MONTHS' STUDIES. 

Page No. 
Practical Scientific Industries are money-making devices. $41,040,000 
will be the yearly income of the South Side Railroad Companies by 
the one-block device for railroading . 7 

Suburban towns — The estimated cost and benefits to Chicago and railroad 
companies by centralizing the railroad business of Chicago and the 
proper location is selected for this one-block system 10-11 

The enormous profits the railroad companies will make by adopting this 

great money-making device 12 

Opportunities for building business structures by this one-block system.. 13 

The day is set when to have this great work completed. It is high time 

for Chicago to act 14 

There is money enough wasted in Chicago every ten years to build 

these elevated railroad tracks 15 

Get out your pencil, enterprising press. To the Honorable, the Mayor 

and City Fathers of Chicago 16 

Plan suggested to settle all the railroad interests of Chicago 18 

Organize a South Side railroad companies' syndicate 19 

Passenger and freight trains transported through the air eighty to one 

hundred miles an hour. J. Gould's quick time in railroading 20 

Were I a railroad dictator or manager of railroad companies 23 

Were I President of the United States I would recommend to Congress. 24 

America's Electric Flying Train will run 150 to 200 miles an hour 24-25 

The letter V device for elevated street cars 26 

Incorporate America and London syndicate with $1,000,000,000 capital 

stock for the new railroad devices 27 

Chicago's twelve South Side union passenger and freight depots to be 

twent\-five stories high and will last forever without repairing 27-32 

Permanent structures and improvements for the cities and country are to 

be the crowning glories of the twentieth century 33 

Were I an architect I would not ransack Europe for my designs; I would 
throw away the copy and build for myself a modern, model struc- 
ture for the people to live in 34 

Mosher's devices for constructing ideal homes for the city and farm will 

increase longevity double the years the people live to-day 35 

Notice to the public, with an eminent judge's recent opinion. See inside 
of front cover. 



INDEX. 

OF SIX MONTHS' STUDIES. 

Page No . 
Housekeeping made easy in the ideal home 38 

Medicated air and pure ventilation will prevent and cure more diseases 

than medicine 39 

Incorporate Chicago's Ideal Home Construction Company 40 

President and officials of the World's Fair, save that $10,000,000 for the 

people 41 

America's National Ship Canal will solve Chicago's sewage problem and 

make Illinois the greatest manufacturing State in America 42 

The Government should dredge out Lake Calumet 4 2_ 43 

Chicago and London Stock Company should be incorporated to build 
this national ship canal and have Chicago rivers abandoned as nui- 
sances and $50,000,000 would be saved to the people 45-46 

A great money-making project for wholesale merchants and manufactur- 
ers to change their wholesale stores into retail stores 47 

There is not a particle of danger in monopolies. The people who create 

have the power to remove 48 

Education is the defender of humanity, the safeguard of the nation. 
Chicago Memorial Home and Temple of Art is to be thirty stories 
high and will have the grandest observatory on the globe, and is 
dedicated to the ladies of Chicago and prominent men and women 
of America. Build this Temple for the people 49 

The statuary and portraiture in Columbian Memorial Park 5 I_ 53 

Chicago Memorial Home will give an intellectual tone to society all over 
this western continent. The style of the elegant structure and its 
surroundings 56-60 

Honored and respected Ladies of Chicago 61 

The officials of Chicago's Memorial Home and Temple of Art 62 

One of the most important questions before the American people to-day 
is to have a National Memorial Security Legacy Bank established in 
every Country, State and Territory 63 

Mosher's Smoke Annihilator 64 

An Open Letter — To the Honorable the Mayor and City Fathers of 

Chicago 65 

Extract from Chicago Recorded History 66-70 

The value of 400 lives killed by railroad companies, by law, is $2,000,000. 
See back cover. 



Practical Scientific Industries 

ARE MONEY-MAKING DEVICES. 



WILL BE THE YEARLY INCOME FOR RENT OF OFFICES AND APART- 
MENTS IN THE TWELVE SOUTH SIDE RAILROAD COMPANIES' 
UNION PASSENGER AND FREIGHT DEPOTS BY THE 
ONE-BLOCK DEVICE FOR RAILROADING IN 
LARGE CITIES. 

By this famous one-block device system for railroading, as 
shown by the sketch attached to this leaf, illustrates a new device 
for railroading in large cities. This sketch and this little book 
demonstrate to a certainty how Chicago's twelve South Side 
railroad companies can build a union passenger and union freight 
depots and union elevated tracks on a strip of ground two blocks 
wide, and carry on their railroad business separately and apart 
from each other as effectually and far more successfully than 
they do now with their tracks and depots scattered all over the 
South Side of Chicago. By this famous one-block device system 
for railroading these twelve South Side railroad companies would 
have for their yearly income $41,040,000 a year for rents for 
offices and apartments in their twelve union passenger and 
twelve union freight depots, besides having plenty of room for 
carrying on their railroad business. 

By this device each company would have at least ten times 
more depot room than they have now. With the tracks from city 
limits laid as shown on sketch attached to this leaf, they could 
carry ten times more passengers and freight than they do now, 
with their carrying capacity not nearly exhausted. This is a 
fact and not a visionary dream. Get out your pencils railroad 
companies, and figure out the room you will have in these depots, 
and the amount of railroad business you can do on these tracks 
unmolested, and see if these are not burning words of truth. 

The upper part of the sketch attached to this leaf in this 
railroad device represents Chicago's twelve South Side railroad 
companies' union passenger and union suburban depots. The 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

lower part of the sketch represents the twelve railroad companies' 
elevated tracks for passengers, freight and suburban trains. 
These elevated tracks are supposed to come from the city limits 
and are intended to run into the second stories of the twelve 
union depots. 

The device in the lower sketch demonstrates how these 
twelve different railroad companies' elevated tracks from the city 
limits can be arranged in such a peculiar manner that they can 
be connected with the twelve companies' elevated tracks that are 
represented to be laid by large black dots on the second stories 
of the twelve named passenger and suburban depots. 

The four outside tracks on both sides of the described ele- 
vated tracks are intended for suburban trains. The two tracks 
that point to the dots in the center of the supposed second story 
in suburban depots are for incoming suburban trains, the other 
two tracks are for outgoing suburban trains. 

The Illinois Central is the east outside railroad company in 
this combination device, and will be the first road to branch off 
on elevated tracks to accommodate her suburban towns. The 
Michigan Central next, and so on until all the six East Side rail- 
road companies in this combination are all served with elevated 
railroad beds, to accommodate their suburban towns. 

The Rock Island will be the first one on the west side and 
Michigan Southern next, and so on until the six West Side rail- 
road companies in the combination are all served with elevated 
road beds that will accommodate their suburban towns. By 
this system for quick transit for railroading hundreds of subur- 
ban towns will soon spring up, away out into the country. 

The next four inside tracks as shown on the East Side of the 
sketch, are for Illinois Central freight trains, and the two next 
tracks, as shown on west side of sketch, are for Rock Island 
freight trains. The two tracks of these four, that point to the 
two dots nearest to the partition wall between the depots, are to 
be exclusively for the Illinois Central and for the Rock Island 
railroad companies incoming freight trains from the city limits. 
The other two tracks, that shows on the sketch a switch, just 
outside the depots, are for outgoing freight trains that run to the 
city limits. All of the twelve railroad companies' freight tracks 
on the sketch that point directly to the two dots nearest to the 
partition walls, are for the twelve railroad companies' freight 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 9 

trains, the other two tracks are for the twelve companies' out- 
going freight trains. The two dots before described represent 
the ends of elevated freight tracks that are supposed to be laid 
on the second stories of the twelve passenger combination 
depots. 

These elevated freight tracks that lay nearest the partition 
walls, are supposed to run through a narrow passageway by the 
side of each one of the company's passenger depots and across 
single elevated freight tracks as shown on the sketch attached to 
this leaf. These single tracks as shown on the lower part of the 
sketch are to run into the center of the second story of each one of 
the twelve South Side railroad companies' union freight depots. 
Here the whole train is unloaded on one side of these immense 
depots, and reloaded at once from the other side, with not more 
than one hour's time consumed for the whole transaction. As 
soon as these freight trains pass back through the passenger 
depots it is switched off as shown on the first sketch on the out- 
going tracks bound for the city limits. 

The next four inside tracks as shown on east side of the first 
sketch are for the Illinois Central Company's through passenger 
trains, and the four tracks as shown on west side of same sketch 
are for Rock Island through passenger trains, the two tracks that 
point to the two dots on the same sketch, are in the center of 
the second story of each company's passenger depot, those tracks 
are exclusively for these two companies' incoming through passen- 
ger trains from the city limits, and the two outside tracks as 
shown on the sketch are for their outgoing passenger trains to the 
city limits. All these twelve railroad companies' passenger trains 
are supposed to run into the center of these immense passenger 
depots. Here all these twelve passenger trains can be unloaded 
on the one side of these immense depots, and reloaded at once 
from the other side, with not more than five minutes time con- 
sumed for the whole transaction, with the twelve trains, switched 
off just outside of the twelve passenger depots as shown on the 
sketch, bound for the city limits or World's Fair grounds, and will 
run at the rate of three minutes to the mile without stopping, as 
there is no trains that cross each others' tracks. 

THIS ELEVATED DEVICE 

would be a great improvement over the present system of rail- 
roading, and will save in a very few years many million of dol- 



10 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

lars to the railroad companies, with an increased valuation of 
fifty million dollars will be added to the taxable property on the 
South Side, and long before the next century is past an army 
of men, women and children will have been saved to bless the 
day when the railroad tracks were elevated. 

SUBURBAN TOWNS. 

It would naturally be supposed that this one block system 
would work against the interests and to the disadvantage of subur- 
ban towns. On the contrary, it will accommodate them much 
better than the old methods now do. To illustrate: All 
suburban passengers from Pullman, Jackson Park, Engle- 
wood, South Chicago, Hyde Park, and all way suburban stations 
will be served to their entire satisfaction, as well as the millions 
of persons who will attend the World's Fair. All will be carried 
in elegant style on one of the many branch roads of the Union 
Elevated Railroad Company's observation coaches, and landed, 
not all over the South Side as they now are, but in the heart of Chi- 
cago, for five cents, into the Columbian Union Passenger Depot, 
the grandest in the world. 

THE SOUTH SIDE RAILROAD COMPANIES. 

It is necessary for the South Side Railroad Companies to 
approach the one block combination system in the same manner 
that their roads are now situated outside of the city limits, and 
secure plenty of ground by the side of their tracks for store- 
houses, for empty cars, with grounds enough to do any amount of 
switching, as here the freight trains will be made up and sent 
over the elevated tracks three minutes to the mile to the union 
passenger and union freight depots to be located at or near Van 
Buren street. At the city limits these trains will be drawn up an 
incline plane to the elevated tracks above by a cog-wheel engine, 
or by a cable and stationary power. When this grand improvement 
for railroading has come to pass on the West, North and South 
Sides of Chicago, then it can be truly said, all roads lead to Chi- 
cago by the way of the union elevated lightning route, Chicago's 
famous one block system. 

THE COST FOR CENTRALIZING THIS RAILROAD BUSINESS. 

The cost for centralizing this South Side railroad business 
would be a small expense in comparison to the enormous 
profit and advantages that would be gained by the railroad com- 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 1 I 

panies and by the city of Chicago. The great expense would be 
in building the depots and elevated tracks. These depots need not 
be more than ten, fifteen or twenty-five stories. The higher 
they are the more imposing and grand these immense struc- 
tures will appear and the more money the railroad companies 
will make. No matter if each depot contain 10,000 offices and 
apartments to rent there will be plenty of tenants at reasonable 
prices, as these depots for office buildings will have no com- 
petition for elegance and convenience, and they are centrally 
located, accessible by a practicable system of never-stop elevated 
railroads from every suburban town around Chicago, which 
would make these two depots, Chicago's famous office buildings, 
the grandest in the world. 

THE TWO STRIPS OF GROUND TWO BLOCKS WIDE. 

The two strips of ground, two block wide, on which to lay 
these elevated tracks, the South Side Railroad Companies now 
have, and many miles of frontage besides, where their dangerous 
railroad tracks now lay. This valuable property after the tracks 
are taken up would sell for enough to pay for the improvements, 
with millions left in the treasury of the different railroad com- 
panies. To save an enormous expense and valuable time in build- 
ing these depots and elevated tracks they should be built under 
one system of management by a South Side railroad syndicate. 
A practical plan for doing this work and how these depots should 
be built, is mentioned hereafter, and another plan of equal im- 
portance as to how the different railroad companies in Chicago 
can settle their immense railroad interest on a fair, honorable 
basis so that this mighty railroad project can be inaugurated at 
once. 

THE LOCATION FOR THIS ONE-BLOCK SYSTEM. 

The location for this one-block system has been marked out 
by an invisible guiding hand, directed by many of the South Side 
Railroad Companies in laying their tracks north of the city limits 
on strips of ground covering several blocks in width; this 
ground lies most of it between State street and the river. The 
intrinsic value of these many miles of frontage adjoining these 
railroad tracks is rendered nearly worthless, and is in the waste 
basket; fully one-half a mile of this valuable ground is fronting 
on State street, and is occupied by one of these railroad com- 



12 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

panies. Five years ago State street was prevented by this com- 
pany from ever becoming the great Broadway business street 
of Chicago. All this injury was done, through obtained legal 
authority in the face of a multitude of property owners' remon- 
strances, and against the business interests of the people of 
Chicago. 

By this one block system, State street, the Lake Front, and 
a hundred miles of other valuable street frontage in Chicago, will 
be restored to the people and sold for business and residence pur- 
poses, which will add at least $100,000,000 to the taxable property 
in the city, and as much more to every railroad plant in Chicago. 
The chosen location for this railroad enterprise is on the line of 
these continuous blocks of iron rails from the city limits that lies be- 
tween State street and the river. Here there cannot be any serious 
objections, as the railroad companies own and control most of the 
ground from the city limits to Van Buren street. South of Van 
Buren and west of State street would be the proper location for 
this one block device, and here the work could be commenced at 
once. 

THE ENORMOUS PROFITS THE RAILROAD COMPANIES WOULD HAVE BY 
ADOPTING THIS GREAT MONEY-MAKING DEVICE. 

I cannot refrain from mentioning a few of the many money 
making devices this, one block system will give the railroad com- 
panies, and the enormous increase in value of all properties in 
Chicago when this one block system for railroading is in full 
operation, and the old dangerous railroad tracks are taken up. This 
same money-making device can be applied with equal force to 
every other city in America and Europe, and to every railroad 
company that runs cars into large or small cities. 

To better illustrate this money-making part of the device, we 
will approximate the amount of rents in yearly incomes. The 
Illinois Central Railroad Company, would have in their nineteen 
upper stories of their union passenger and union freight depots, 
according to our calculation, 11,400 offices and apartments they 
would have for rent; we have estimated these offices to be iox 15 
ft., each office to have a reception room 10 x 10 ft., all connected 
with a wide hallway running through the whole length of each one 
of these 19 stories. These stories are supposed to be 60 ft. wide 
by 1500 long, 13 ft. high. Such offices would readily rent for $25 
per month; with reception room, electric lights, hot water, heat 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. ] 3- 

and janitor service furnished; $25 would be considered a very low 
rent, for such modern conveniences, in such a noted distinguished 
office building, especially when they were located in such a cen- 
tral location, accessible by a practical system of never-stop rail- 
road devices, carrying at least one to two hundred thousand 
persons to and from suburban towns to their places of business 
in every twenty-four hours. 

This extraordinary low rental would amount to the enormous 
sum of $285, 000 a month, total $3,420,000 a year. This would be 
the Illinois Central Railroad Company's yearly income from rents 
alone, with increased facilities for carrying on a larger and more 
profitable railroad business than they ever have before. 

By this combination device, each one of the twelve South Side 
Railroad Companies has the same number of offices to rent, and 
equal advantages for renting these offices, as the Illinois Central. 

Ity the same estimate these twelve South Side Rail- 
road Companies would have for their yearly income, the 
enormous sum of $41,040,000 for rents alone, with every company 
having increased facilities and larger capacity for doing a more 
profitable and extensive business than ever before, or can pos- 
sible do, on surface roads, in a business city. This $41,040,000 
yearly income for rents, the railroad companies never have 
had, by the old system of management in not utilizing the valu- 
able air above their railroad tracks. 

THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUILDING BY THE FAMOUS ONE-BLOCK 

SYSTEM. 

By the ever increasing demands of tenants for offices and 
apartments the South Side Railroad Companies in Chicago need 
not be confined to the seven blocks of ground these union pas- 
senger and union freight depots stand upon, for their yearly 
income of $41,040,000. They can keep right on building over their 
elevated tracks their twenty-five story structure, block by block, 
year by year, clear to the city limits of Chicago, the only expense 
being in moving the switches further away. 

MERCANTILE AND MANUFACTURING STORE HOUSES. 

Near the city limits where land is cheap is the grand oppor- 
tunity for building large, roomy five and ten story fireproof ware- 
houses and storerooms for large manufactories and wholesale 
mercantile establishments, for Chicago's demands, and for stor- 



14 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

age room for foreign manufacturers who would like inexpensive 
storage, where goods can be shipped on a moment's notice to any 
market place in the world. There is no other place where this 
industry could be accomodated as well as here. Even the far 
fetched Stickney tract for centralizing railroad business or for 
the terminal and storehouse system for railroading, all of these 
old methods are left, when superior accommodations can be had 
by the famous one-block device. 

THE DAY IS SET WHEN TO HAVE THIS GREAT WORK COMPLETED. 

By a united effort on the part of all the railroad companies 
in Chicago these improvements can be made and completed in 
the next two years, May ist, 1893, in time for the World's Fair. 
Then the railroad companies would have for their exhibition the 
grandest wonder of the age, a system for railroading in large 
cities that will astonish the world for its completeness and per- 
fection in transporting any number of freight cars and passenger 
coaches from the city limits to the heart of Chicago, and vice 
versa, in the shortest space of time, without fear of collision, 
without danger to life or limb, unless the effect of downright 
carelessness. This protection to life and limb, this rapid trans- 
portation of cars, this wonderful rapidity by which passengers 
and freight can be handled, this mighty safe and economical sys- 
tem for railroading for pleasure as well as profit, must commend 
itself to every intelligent person, and will revolutionize the old 
methods for railroading in every large city on the globe. 

IT IS HIGH TIME FOR CHICAGO TO ACT. 

This old played-out method for railroading across public 
throughfares and in front of beautiful residences and business 
blocks in large cities, is demoralizing, and is a public nuisance. Its 
noisy trains, and screeching engines trench upon the privacy of the 
home circle are dreadfully annoying and unpleasant to the ear and 
eye, dangerous to the children and people. Wherever the ugly 
surface car tracks are laid, they depreciate the value of all property 
interests for blocks around. This is usurpation of authority, and is 
not right or just, and should not be tolerated another year in a 
city of 1,200,000, where honest courts sit, and honest judgments 
are rendered, justice should be honestly meted out to the people 
without preference or partiality. All equitable laws should be 
enforced to protect people's rights and public interests. We 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. J o 

trust Chicago's wide-a-wake sagacity will see that these just 
laws are enforced and the people's rights protected, and by the 
noted sagacity of our railroad companies we are sure the con- 
tinuous one-block system for railroading will be inaugurated in 
Chicago very soon. 

I have written many articles on this subject in the years that 
have passed. Of late this railroad problem has been my con- 
stant study. I have given intense thought in solving the different 
problems mentioned, and demonstrating this new principle 
for railroading. At last the morning dawned. Every objec- 
tionable feature of the nation's greatest industry has been over- 
come and a glorious prosperous future is in store for the enter- 
prising people of Chicago as well as for the sagacious railroad 
companies. This is glory enough for six months' work. The 
15th day of January, 1891, I commenced the studies in this book. 
Not many mornings have dawned since that but what I have 
been up and in my study at 4 o'clock working out all these im- 
portant problems for posterity. Now I publish them to the 
world for the first time, and trust the people will adopt them or 
better devices, if they can be created by a more practical demon- 
strator. Throw away the old copy and the old methods of rail- 
roading in large cities. 

THERE IS MONEY ENOUGH WASTED IN CHICAGO EVERY TEN YEARS 
TO BUILD THESE ELEVATED RAILROAD TRACKS. 

It has been carefully figured out that Chicago's 1,200,000 
people and the railroad companies lose enough valuable time 
in unnecessary, vexatious delays in ten years by surface railroad- 
ing in Chicago to build these elevated railroad tracks, to say 
nothing about the millions of honest money that is lost by the 
people whose property is damaged and depreciated one-half its 
real value by railroad companies monopolizing privileges and 
benefits that can be so easily remedied. This is not all the 
unnecessary punishment these surface railroad companies in a 
crowded city inflict upon the people when these milions are coming 
in and going out of Chicago, at least one-quarter to one-half an 
an hour of valuable time each person loses every da}-. 
This valuable time is unnecessarily wasted and will be 
a yearly tax upon the people until the surface railroad tracks are 
elevated. Not only is this yearly tax imposed upon the people of 



16 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

Chicago and surrounding country, but this unnecessary delay of 
time, which is money, is inflicted upon the great traveling public 
who ride on railroad cars. Most honored and respected citizens of 
Chicago, get out your pencils and figure up these enormous 
wastes and compute this valuable time into money, and see 
if the picture is overdrawn. 

Get oid your pencils, railroad officials, and see if these astound- 
ing figures of gain in carrying on your railroad business in Chi- 
cago, by the one block device plan, would not save you every 
year millions of dollars, and many precious lives to the city of 
Chicago, as well as a host of poor, miserable cripples for life. 

Get out your pencils, business men and property owners of 
Chicago, and see if these estimates have been fairly stated, that 
the value of all the property interest inside the city limits of 
Chicago, would not be increased in value at least one hundred 
million gold dollars, were the surface railroad tracks in Chicago 
all taken up and the one block device system in full operation. 

Get out your pencils, enterprising, hustling press of Chicago, 
write editorials on the new device for railroading on the con- 
tinuous one-block system, illustrating how railroad companies 
can make more money in large cities out of the air above their 
tracks than they can on their surface tracks. The press is the 
mighty educator of the people, the lever that shapes the destiny 
of worlds. The press of Chicago can make this one-block sys- 
tem for railroading in large cities a grand triumphant success, 
not only in Chicago, but everywhere railroad tracks are laid. 

To the Honorable the Mayor and City Fathers of Chicago: You 
too have the best interests of the people at heart. Chicago is 
the home of your family and friends. You are called upon to 
guard these interests with a jealous, watchful care. You, too, 
have a duty now to perform in this laudable work; and have 
this one-block system for railroading in our enterprising city 
carried out, and the work commenced at once. There is no 
time to lose. Such wisdom and sagacity of your two years' adminis- 
tration will be the crowning glories of your lives. This great work 
will stand forever a speaking monument to the cherished mem- 
ories of the Hon, The Mayor and City Fathers of Chicago, 
who bequeath the immortal legacy, the grandest improve- 
ment for railroading in large cities the world has ever known. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 17 

MOST HONORED MAYOR OF CHICAGO. 

Your first duty is to get rid of this withering blight, this de- 
stroyer of life and limb, this intruder in our home circle, this 
great demoralizer of business, this depreciator of property values, 
where the dangerous engine and noisy cars run, crossing and 
recrossing our public thoroughfares and blockading our streets. 
With the railroad tracks elevated and centralized, as suggested, 
our city would be the admiration of the world. Why should this 
injustice to the people be allowed longer to stay? These gigantic 
corporations have trampled unmercifully upon the people's rights 
long enough by not elevating their tracks. Such treatment is a 
crime upon modern civilization, and a usurpation of authority that 
cannot be tolerated any longer. The people's rights must be pro- 
tected, for it was the people who created these great monopolies, 
and they have the undoubted right to remove a public nuisance, 
for private gains. The railroad companies should not want to 
monopolize interests that belong to the city, especially when this 
usurpation of authority is so damaging to the people's interests. 
The Honorable the Mayor, you hold the key to vindicate the peo- 
ple's rights, to administer justice with an unerring hand. When 
this is done the people's rights are protected and the proper laws 
enforced. 

Thus I beg you and the railroad companies of Chicago to 
work, while the day lasts, to make the years of 1891 and 1892 
memorable and eventful in the history of railroading in America. 
Justice demands that these railroad tracks be removed. It can 
be done better to-day than a year hence. By having it done 
now, the Honorable Mayor and the railroad officials of Chicago 
can have the proud honor of presenting to the people of 
Chicago, and to all the nations of the world, in 1893, a val- 
uable improvement, the grandest exhibition, the most humane, 
perfect system for railroads in large cities ever devised by man. 
This- would be rendering good deeds and kind acts to humanity 
in return for the millions that the whole world gave so bounti- 
fully, to suffering Chicago, in 1871. 



13 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

PLAN FOR SETTLING THE RAILROAD INTERESTS 

IN CHICAGO. 

There is no better way to settle this railroad question than to 
call a meeting at an early date, in Chicago, of all the leading 
railroad officials, who are interested in the railroad companies of 
Chicago. These railroad officials to unite upon the popular 
plan to settle by arbitration all their railroad interests upon a just 
and honorable basis. That basis is to have each and every rail- 
road company place a fair cash market value upon all their rail- 
road property interest in Chicago. This cash valuation should 
be approved by three well-known, honorable arbitrators, gentle- 
men of experienced business reputation, who know the cash mar- 
ket value of all such railroad properties. These noted appraisers' 
decisions in revaluing or confirming the estimated value of all 
such railroad properties appraised should be final and without 
recourse. These assets as estimated should be used as cash 
capital in incorporating Chicago's National Railroad Syndicate 
Bank The capital stock in the Chicago National Railroad 
Syndicate Bank would be the cash assets of all the railroad 
companies' interest in Chicago. Such assets would allow any 
of the railroad companies in the syndicate to draw a certain 
percentage of the estimated cash value of their stock in bank, 
for any purpose for which they might want to use the money, or 
they may use these cash assets for purchasing Chicago Railroad 
Companies' Syndicate stock for building Chicago's combination 
union passenger and union freight depot and combination 
elevated railroad tracks on the West and North side of Chicago 
the same as proposed for the South Side Railroad Companies. 
Chicago's National Syndicate Bank is to be a clearing house 
for settling all of Chicago's railroad interests that are scat- 
tered over Chicago, inside the city limits, with power to sell 
these assets for the different railroad companies, or to purchase 
them, if all parties concerned can agree upon the price, or the 
bank can hold these assets until these railroad improvements 
have been made, and the old surface railroad tracks taken up 
and the streets improved, then these assets will command the 
highest price in the market. Such a plan as this is a fair, honor- 
able, practical business-like way of settling Chicago's great 
railroad problem. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 19 

ORGANIZE A SOUTH SIDE RAILROAD COMPANIES' SYNDICATE. 

In order to make this one block system a greater success, it 
would be necessary for the South Side Railroad Companies' syn- 
dicate to purchase five or ten thousand acres of land along the 
shore of Lake Michigan outside the city limits, where there is 
plenty of ground for locating the south side railroad syndicate 
manufacturing and construction companies' works, for furnishing 
the material, and building the South Side combination depots, 
and the South Side combination elevated railroad tracks, and 
commence the work for this great railroad enterprise at once 
without any delay. This one-block device system for carrying 
on railroad business in cities and through the country is all 
duplicate work and can be made very rapid and very cheap, and 
by practical methods duplicate work can be put together very 
rapidly. By this rapid system Chicago's great railroad enter- 
prise can be completed by May 1893. On these grounds 
would be the grand opportunity for the syndicate's great car 
works, machine shops, that would be large enough to supply all 
the railroad companies in the United States and Europe with 
engines, cars and appliances for this new device in railroading. 

Along the shore of Lake Michigan would the grand opportunity 
for the south side railroad syndicate to have inland ship canals 
dug, with large and extensive dockage privileges for handling 
stone, iron, steel, copper, lead, ores, coal, lumber, direct from the 
vessels and ships of Lake Michigan. Here is where all merchan- 
dise goods can be sent by rail from Chicago to all parts of this 
western continent, and by the deep waterway route to all the mar- 
ket places of the world. Such facilities and economy for handling 
every kind of merchandise goods upon such a large and extensive 
scale, would defy competition, and would make Chicago a 
tremendous manufacturing city, and the greatest market place on 
the globe. 

The South Side syndicate should be bound under heavy bonds 
to have the work all completed and ready for business by May 1, 
1893. This work can all be done by that time by inaugurating 
practical business methods, by carrying on all parts of the work 
together along the line. 

THE ENTERPRISING PRESS OF CHICAGO 

are the instruments that brought about this chain of creative 



20 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

thought, by publishing articles that I have written on this subject- 
Last January one of these articles came under the scrutinizing 
eye of the honorable Mr. Newell, President of Michigan Southern 
R. R. Company, who wrote to me that he would like to have an 
interview at his office early the following week. I went on 
the appointed time. Mr. Newell informed me at this interview 
that the Rock Island and Michigan Southern Companies antici- 
pated elevating their tracts from Englewood into the city upon a 
half-and-half plan that had been favorably mentioned in some of 
the daily papers. Mr. Newell asked if I had plans worked out 
illustrating my device that read so well. I replied I had not, but 
I thought the plan could be worked out as suggested by prac- 
tical railroad men. Mr. Newell replied he thought it was im- 
possible. I fully agreed with him that it would be impossible 
for the South Side railroad companies to carry on their immense 
railroad business on two or even three continuous blocks of 
ground by their present system of railroading, but by reorganiz- 
ing their tracks, depots and their system of railroading I was 
quite certain they could. Mr. Newell remarked it would be a 
useless attempt, and we parted. On my way home I purchased a 
large quantity of drawing paper and architects' drawing tools. 
For the first time in my life I went to work at this kind of busi- 
ness to study out the puzzle. The result — I take great pleasure 
;n presenting to Mr. Newell and to the presidents of railroad 
companies not only in Chicago, but in every city where rail- 
road tracks are laid. 

Note. — This one-block system for railroading in large cities 
will bankrupt any railroad company that would strive alone, for 
business and supremacy. 

PASSENGERS AND FREIGHT TRANSPORTED THROUGH THE AIR EIGHTY 
TO ONE HUNDRED MILES AN HOUR. 

This famous device for transporting passengers and freight 
through the air eighty to one hundred miles an hour, will not 
take the whole army of employes of the great Northwestern 
Railroad Company to prepare the roadbed, the switches, and 
crossings along the route as it took ten hours the other 
day for James Gould, to come in a special car from Omaha to 
Chicago. To make this quick time the Northwestern Railroad 
officials and employes fairly tumbled over each other in their 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 21 

haste to give the right of way of their roadbed. Telegraph 
messages along the route flew thick and fast, announcing pre- 
pare the tracks the flyer was coming with America's noted rail- 
road king, and would arrive in Chicago in the quickest time ever 
made in railroading in America. As soon as the train reached 
the depot in Chicago the reporters were on hand to interview 
the distinguished railroad king, upon whose judgment fortunes 
are made and lost in a day. All enquiries were made about his 
flying trip and his railroad enterprises. The time was announced 
in large head-lines and columns of reading matter in every wide- 
awake paper in Chicago. James Gould's great feat in railroading 
was heralded through the Associated Press to all parts of the 
world. This flying trip, as portrayed, was the most expensive 
railroading ever done on this continent, and will never pay a cent 
in dividends to the stockholders of any railroad company. 

But the elevated one-block combination railroad device will 
pay millions of dollars every year to the stockholders of America's 
consolidated railroad syndicate. This famous combination 
device is a new principle for laying combination elevated railroad 
tracks over railroad companies' main trunk line surface roadbeds. 
These elevated tracks are laid expressly for through passen- 
ger and through freight trains, and are provided with combina- 
tion, elevated passenger and freight office depots, similar to those 
suggested for Chicago South Side Railroad Companies. This 
device is for continuous railroading from ocean to ocean and con- 
sists in laying eight or more combination elevated railroad tracks 
over main trunk line roads. These tracks to be laid in such a 
particular manner over surface roadbeds that two sets of elevated 
passenger tracks and two sets of freight tracks will be all that 
would be required to carry all through freight and through pas- 
sengers from city to city, from ocean to ocean. These through 
tracks are to be connected with elevated side tracks and with 
certain combination devices that are particularly adapted for the 
wants and uses of elevated passenger and freight depots. These 
tracks are laid in such a way that passenger and way freight 
trains can be switched on these through main line tracks in any 
large or small city, or at central points along the route. All 
such through passenger and through freight trains are made up 
on the surface roadbeds below at certain transfer stations, and 
by a new device these passenger and freight trains are run up on 



22 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

an incline plane by a cog-wheel engine or by a cable device, 
with steam power to the elevated roads above, and switched on 
the elevated tracks, and transported at the rate of eighty to one 
hundred miles an hour, including stops, to their place of destina- 
tion, without an army of railroad employes to prepare the tracks 
and telegraph the employes to announce their coming. By this 
device the cross town travel and surface roads underneath the 
elevated roadbed, will remain as they are, and will be the feeders 
to these trunk lines, and for the accommodation of local travel. 
With the railroad business divided, and classified as it would be 
by this device, would make railroading more profitable than it is 
now, and this system the most popular in America. 

To illustrate, let the New York Central, or any through 
trunk line road, lay elevated tracks by this new device system 
over their surface roadbeds, in such a manner that all through 
passenger and through freight from Chicago to New York City 
could be transported in ten and fifteen hours' time; would not 
this be a triumphant success in modern railroading that would 
defy the competition of the world? No railroad company can 
afford to have such competition when they have the pure air of 
heaven above their tracks to place the lightning train, the never- 
stop elevated railroad route. 

The regular running time for these quick transit elevated 
trains should not be less than seventy to ninety miles an hour, 
including stops at principal cities. The fast mail train should 
run one hundred miles an hour. These elevated trunk line roads 
should have distinguished appearing passenger and freight cars 
that are different from all others. These cars should be made of 
steel, noted for their strength and durability, with distinguished 
swift running engines, for their certainty in making time. Such 
a system for railroading will startle the whole civilized world for 
its completeness and perfection and for speed, in transporting in 
forty-eight hours passengers and freight across the continent of 
America. Then California's delicious fruit could be served for 
breakfast in New York City the third day after it is plucked 
from its parent stem. 

Question: Is it possible for all the railroad companies in 
America to consolidate as one mighty company in one enormous 
railroad project, and carry on the railroad business of the nation 
under one system of management? 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. ? 23 

If it could, would not this consolidated stock pay larger 
dividends, pro rata, on all the stock than the railroad companies 
now do in fighting competing lines, conducting the railroad busi- 
ness in such an expensive way as the Government and railroad 
companies are ? 

Is it any wonder that there is a tendency on the part of the 
people in the United States to be dissatisfied with the old methods 
of railroading through the country, as well as they are in the 
cities? Every other industry has made rapid advancement in 
conducting their affairs. The railroad business is the largest 
national industry in America. Billions of money have been made 
out of it and if there is any better, quicker and safer transporta- 
tion system for passengers and freight, the people want it, for 
they are the creators of this gigantic monopoly. The railroad 
companies are indebted to the people of America for the hun- 
dred of millions they possess in railroad bonds. The people in 
turn are indebted to the capital and enterprise of these public 
servants, the railroad companies, who have greatly assisted in 
giving the people of this western world their beautiful homes, 
their prosperous business cities, highly cultivated farms that yield 
billions of gold dollars' worth of products every year. All these 
good results have been expedited by the iron horse on the rail- 
road track. 

Were I a railroad dictator or a manager of railroad com- 
panies, I would consolidate every railroad company in the United 
States into one grand corporate body. I would give this body 
a famous name, America's Consolidated Railroad Syndicate. 
This railroad syndicate would practically settle the railroad 
question, as it would centralize all the railroad business in Amer- 
ica into one compact body and under one system of manage- 
ment. Then I would organize an incorporated gigantic national 
railroad syndicate bank, with other branch national railroad syn- 
dicate banks in every principal city. The capital stock of this 
National Railroad Syndicate Bank would be based upon the 
estimated cash value of all the railroad companies' stock in the 
United States. These banks to be subject to governmental pro- 
tection and control the same as all national banks now are. 
This enormous amount of money in railroad stocks would make 
the National Railroad Syndicate Bank, with its many branches, 
as solid as the Bank of England. This device would place the 



24 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

great money-making power, the nation's greatest industry, where 
it can be used for honorable, legitimate purposes, the same 
as all national banks use their funds, instead of converting this 
mighty power for making money into dens of gamblers, in stocks, 
which are nothing less than hot-beds for breeding millions of 
other gamblers in stocks, and in time these gamblers will popu- 
late this beautiful earth with intriguing, designing money-making 
sharks, who are continually devouring each other and all unso- 
phisticated people, who are not up to the tricks of a gambler's 
life. 

Were I the President of the United States I would recom- 
mend in my next message to Congress, a plan to consolidate 
railroad companies in the United States into one corporate body, 
with the capital stock of this body to be reinvested in a national 
railroad syndicate bank, with other branch railroad syndicate 
banks to be incorporated in every large city in America. 

Railroad companies should call a meeting early in Chicago, 
as this is the key-note that will solve this great railroad problem. 
The press will voice it through the land. 

AMERICA'S ELECTRIC FLYER. 

THE BICYCLE WHEEL FOR THE LIGHTNING TRAIN THE FLYER WILL 

RUN I50 TO 200 MILES AN HOUR, FROM CITY TO CITY, 
FROM THE ATLANTIC OCEAN TO THE PACIFIC. 

By this elevated railroad device the bicycle wheel for the 
lightning train, the flyer, will run 150 to 200 miles an hour on 
the upper story of this elevated railroad device, and it will 
not add so very much more to the cost if both structures 
are built up together. I will barely mention a few of the new 
principles in the construction of the lightning train, its durability, 
its safety, and its speed. 

First device Is in the construction and shape of a combina- 
tion steel structure, which resembles the letter V. This struc- 
ture is to be constructed on the third story of this railroad system, 
or over any public thoroughfare, street, ground or water surface. 
This railroad structure is to be held up in its place by a combi- 
nation of steel columns. The engines, passenger and freight 
trains are supposed to pass through this combination structure. 

Second device Is in the construction of its ten-foot more or 
less bicycle wheel, its broad heavy creased tires, its broad heavy 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 25 

creased tracks, its steel axletrees, its steel cross-bars, its steel 
springs, all to be adjusted in a certain manner, and resting on 
the axletrees of the bicycle wheels that are supposed to be 
attached near and under each end of the cars and engine 
carriage. 

The bicycle wheel is large to give the train tremendous 
speed, and it will have to run up through tha center at each end 
of the cars. The wheel will be constructed upon a scientific 
plan, and will take up but very little room in the car. This 
room will be ornamental as well as an attractive feature inside 
of the train. 

The side tracks or flat steel bars that are supposed to 
be fastened lengthwise on the letter V frame work will hold 
the cars and engines firmly in their place by the aid of wheels 
fastened to the outside of the car bodies. These wheels will 
prevent any friction or wear to the cars. 

The trains will be held level by the cars resting on spiral 
springs, the spiral springs resting on small wheels that are used 
as balance wheels under the outsides of the car bodies. These 
wheels, and the wheels on the side of the cars, will not touch the 
tracks only when the trains are going around curves at tre- 
mendous speed. 

Third device Is in the construction and the manner, the 
broad creased tracks are made and laid for the broad-creased 
tire, bicycle wheels to run on, and the way and manner the other 
tracks are laid and used for the balance wheels to run on. These 
wheels, hold the trains level. The creases in the broad tracks and 
in the broad tire of the bicycle wheel will give an adhesive power 
to the wheels, so the engines can stop short or draw a tremen- 
dous load, even up an inclined plane. 

Fourth device Is in the construction and manner the electric 
engine and carriage are made and in constructing the tracks and 
bicycle wheels in such a peculiar way the wheels never can run 
off the tracks, and by having stiff spiral springs placed between 
the cars where the bumpers are, will prevent a sudden jar when 
the train stops or a sudden jerk when it starts; with a second 
spiral spring to be pressed against in case of an accident, so 
there need be no concussion or breaking of cars. No lives to be 
lost unless it was done by downright carelessness. 

Fifth device Is in the construction and manner the flexible 



26 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

steel passenger cars or carriages, and .flexible steel freight cars 
are made, which are to be very light, not rigid, but very strong. 

THE LETTER V DEVICE FOR ELEVATED STREET CARS. 

This device will have no competition for elevated street travel, 
as it does away with all objectionable features that other elevated 
street railroads have. Its frame work can be made very light, yet 
strong out of spring steel, so it will obstruct no light. Its large 
bicycle wheel, its wide, smooth, heavy tire will make no noise. Its 
electric engine you cannot hear, its swift running bicycle wheel 
can be stopped in an instant and started in a second. Its spiral 
springs are placed between the cars in such a manner the train 
will make no noise when they stop or start, and this spiral spring 
will prevent a sudden jar or a sudden jerk. 

By this device there can be no lives lost or accidents occur 
unless it was done by downright carelessness, as the wheels can 
never run off the tracks or the car never can be thrown from the 
axle-trees, as the steel frame work will prevent such a calamity 
and will make an accident from these causes an impossibility. 

These still swift running conveyances over public streets 
and for building up suburban towns will charm the people and 
this device will be a welcome visitor wherever the flyer goes. 

This flying device will have no competition in flying from 
city to city around the world, and it will ever be the people's 
favorite route, as this route will always be reliable and safe from 
accidents and the journey completed as tenderly as if the person 
traveling had been resting in an easy chair. 

Such charming flying conveyances will defy all competition 
in traveling as it annihilates distances, brings the people near to- 
gether. St. Louis, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Springfield, Mil- 
waukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Detroit and Cleveland would be 
comparatively speaking only a few minutes' ride from Chicago, 
New York City less than ten hours, California from Chicago in 
thirty-six hours; excursionists will fly around the world in the 
shortest space of time ever dreamed of by their old ancestors. 

THE EXPENSE OF BUILDING AMERICA'S ELECTRIC FLYER. 

The letter V frame work should be made out of spring steel, 
and strong so it will never get out of repair. All the steel frame 
work should be enameled so it would never rust or decay; its 
foundation should be one solid stone, then when it is once built 
it will last practically forever without having to be repaired, 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 27 

which will make this device for railroading and for carrying on 
railroad business a grand triumphant success. 

When this work would be all completed and ready for busi- 
ness, Chicago's flying stock company will have the happy satis- 
faction of knowing they have the climax of perfection in a flying 
device that never will have any competition, and a permanent 
structure and foundation for the flying train that will last practi- 
cally forever without any great amount of money to be paid out 
for repairs. 

Chicago's flying stock company should have their plant large 
enough to do the manufacturing business for these flying devices 
for all this western continent, if possible for all of America. 

On the framework of America's electric flyer, or on the 
second and third stories of these elevated railroad tracks another 
device is under contemplation, to lay pneumatic tubes, that would 
propel by electric force Uncle Sam's mails from San Francisco 
to New York City in one hour's time. 

THE GRAND OPPORTUNITY FOR THE WESTERN UNION 

Is to encase their telegraph and telephone wires in pnuematic 
imperishable tubing that can be laid on either one of the second 
and third stories of these elevated tracks for the flying trains in- 
stead of having them strung on the expensive perishable cedar 
poles as they now are. All patent claims in the above devices 
are reserved. 

BUSINESS MEN AND WOMEN OF AMERICA AND EUROPE INCORPORATE 

LONDON AND AMERICA'S NATIONAL RAILROAD SYNDICATE WITH 

$1,000,000,000 CAPITAL STOCK FOR THE NEW DEVICES. 

Railroad companies, capitalists, business men and women 
of America and Europe, organize and get on the ground floor of 
these gigantic railroad projects. 

If the railroad companies do not want to engage in the en- 
terprise now is the golden opportunity for other capitalists. 

CHICAGO'S TWELVE SOUTH SIDE UNION PASSENGER AND FREIGHT 

DEPOTS ARE TO BE BUILT TWENTY-FIVE STORIES HIGH, 

WILL NOT NEED REPAIRING, BURN OR DECAY 

IN ONE HUNDRED YEARS. 

It might not be out of place to make a few suggestions con- 
cerning the construction of these two famous depots. The day 
is not far distant when brick, mortar and stone will not be used 
for residences and public buildings, except for foundations, first 
stories, and for partition walls in blocks. 

These two famous depots as well as everv permanent im- 



ZO PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES 

provement of a similar character in Chicago, should be con- 
structed on a basis of one hundred years' durability. The 
additional costs for constructing buildings for permanency, con- 
venience, health and comfort is comparatively nothing when 
you estimate the enormous sums of money that is paid out every 
year on ordinary constructed buildings for repairs. Such ex- 
penditures would not have to be borne by the people if all the 
private residences and public buildings was constructed upon a 
device for hundred years' durability. This is not all the ad- 
vantages that would be gained. Chicago alone would save mill- 
ions of dollars that is now lost by fire and is paid out for insur- 
ance and in repairs, by building improvised structures and for 
making improvised improvements, that last only a short time 
and always out of order. These are very important questions 
for railroad companies to solve and for business men and women 
in large cities to take into serious consideration. 

TEN AND FIFTEEN-STORY STRUCTURES 

Are no longer experiments in Chicago.- They pay the landlord 
or companies who build them large incomes. The upper stories 
rent quite as well as the lower stories, and are far more pleasant, 
especially when they are finished as these two depots are pro- 
posed to be built, absolutely fire-proof and healthful in every 
particular. These two famous depots are to be constructed on 
one hundred years' durability, without an inside plastered par- 
tition or an outside solid stone or brick wall. 

The device for constructing these two famous depots con- 
sists in furnishing material that will not burn or decay by age, 
and the manner the material is formed, and the way it is placed 
in the two depots constitutes the new principle for building 
permanent structures that will last practically forever, with only 
a trifling expense for cleaning house occasionally. 

THE FOUNDATION STONE IS TO BE ONE SOLID ROCK. 

It is proposed to have large, heavy, enameled granite 
columns, resting on this solid rock for the foundation of these 
two depots, then these granite columns will hold the, depots so 
firmly in their place they will not settle a particle in one 
hundred years. 

The large, heavy, marbleized granite columns for the three 
lower stories will give a grand, imposing solidity effect to these 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 29 

immense structures that will command the admiration of the 
world. 

THE OUTSIDE WALLS 

Are to be mostly heavy plate glass set in enameled steel frames, 
between the enameled steel and the marbleized granite columns. 

BAY WINDOWS. 

Tiers of beautiful designs in different styles of bay windows 
will be made from the lower to the top stories on the four sides 
of these two structures. 

THE OUTSIDE TRIMMINGS AND ORNAMENTATIONS 

Will be pressed ornamentations in copper plate, decorated in 
many designs, style and color with enameled tiling and marbleized 
stone. Such grand and beautiful decorations for the four out- 
side walls of these two famous depots will be the pride and glory 
of the great west. 

THE INSIDE NINETEEN UPPER STORIES 

Are intended to have plain and fluted ornamental, enameled 
steel columns for the insides of these two immense structures. 
These plain and ornamental columns are to be placed directly 
over each other from the foundation stone to the top of the 
buildings. 

THE STEEL FLOOR JOICE 

On any of the stories need not be very heavy as the weight 
of every story is held up separately on the columns that hold the 
structures up. Those columns need not be necessarily very 
large as they are to be set directly over each other and are 
braced every way by inside steel partitions, which will make 
the entire structure firm and solid as a rock. 

THE CEILINGS AND FLOORS. 

The ceilings and floors are supposed to be covered with 
enameled tiling, finished in decorative high art style. The color- 
ing for each story will only vary in different shades of soft beau- 
tiful tints. The tints of the coloring in these different stories are 
to have distinguished names of the prominent ladies of the world. 

MIRROR AND GLASS DECORATIONS. 

For some of the most important stories the partitions and 
ceilings are to be decorated in different designs of cut glass mir- 
ror plates set in beautiful ornamental panes. Wherever there is 



30 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

a change made in decorating, the entire story should be finished 
in the same design. 

IN THIS NEW DEVICE 

There will be no hallways ; every passageway in the different 
stories will be known as avenues, and will have distinguished 
names. These avenues will be like grand promenades and very 
attractive. There will not be as much as a wood door or wood 
window frame in the whole structure; everything in the shape of 
a partition, door or window will be plate glass set in an enameled 
steel frame, or enameled fire-proof materials, which never will 
require painting or decorating, only dusting off occasionally. 

A PERFECT SYSTEM OF VENTILATION 

Would be had by devices that would by suction pipes force the 
impure air and dust outside and draw the pure air inside. Such 
devices would always keep up a perfect system of ventilation. 
This device is fully explained hereafter. 

No painting or decorating ever to be allowed on the outside 
or inside of these two famous structures. It will not be necessary, 
as every particle of material that will be used in the construction 
of these two famous depots will never require any more orna- 
mentations, unless it would be to gratify some fastidious persons' 
taste, as the ornamentations will be simply grand and perfect 
when completed; not a particle of the material can be burnt or 
will decay by age. 

THESE DEPOTS WOULD BE BURGLAR AND FIRE-PROOF. 

All kinds of merchandise, even jewelry and diamonds, would 
be as safe by honest watchmen stationed on each story, as they 
would be were the goods locked in a burglar, fire-proof safe, for 
there is nothing to burn or for the burglar to hide behind, every- 
thing stands out in broad daylight; each apartment is separated 
by frosted, colored or plain plate glass partitions, set in steel 
sash ornamental frames. 

THE CLIMAX OF GRANDEUR IN ALL THAT IS BEAUTIFUL. 

The climax of grandeur in all that is beautiful may or may 
not be located on the upper story of this famous union passen- 
ger depot. If there is to be anything more than offices, let it be 
Chicago's famous opera house. This opera house will be ex- 
pected to outshine anything of the kind in the world for its 
grandeur and perfection, with the largest dancing hall for the 
young people of Chicago to amuse themselves in healthful re- 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 31 

creation, public art galleries, public and private reception parlors 
that would be grand enough to entertain the queens and kings 
of Europe. The ceiling of these upper stories should be beauti- 
fully decorated with all manner of devices in spangles of ar- 
tistic cut glass illuminated by the famous Edison electric trans- 
formation scenes with its billions of electric rays in its ever chang- 
ing colors; such grandeur and elegance would be the admira- 
tion of the world. 

THE UPPER STORY OF THE UNION FREIGHT DEPOT, 

To be known as Chicago's South Side railroad syndicate 
auditorium galleries, where private and public business can be 
transacted on a large extensive scale; where public gatherings 
can be accommodated as they cannot be in any other building 
on this continent. 

WHY SHOULD NOT CHICAGO'S RAILROAD SYNDICATE 

make these two depots the model office structures of America? 
And for the advancement of civilization in social culture, and 
let the memorial stand forever a monument for Chicago's enter- 
prise. These permanent structures would be the wonder of the 
world, where $41,040,000 a year would be coined for rents alone 
by the twelve South Side railroad companies, without any ex- 
pense for repairs and still have room enough left to carry on 
the largest railroad business on this continent. 

Why should not Chicago's South Side railroad syndicate 
build these two famous depots, so magnificent and grand, when 
every dollar that is put into them will add to their popularity 
and attractiveness. With all this attractiveness the great in- 
vestment would almost pay for itself in rents every year. 

By the city of Chicago adopting this practical scientific plan 
for carrying on the city's business, Chicago would not require ten 
miles square to accommodate all the business interests for a city 
of ten million people, such accommodations would give them 
every luxury that could be desired in performing the daily 
vocations of life. 

CHICAGO'S SOUTH SIDE RAILROAD SYNDICATE. 

The South Side railroad companies should organize their 
syndicate and have their architect draw the plans, and get out 
the working drawings at once for the enameled stone and 
enameled steel columns, and enameled outside steel frame work 
for bay windows from foundation to top story, with the enameled 



32 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

tiling for ceilings and floors, enameled hollow steel doors and 
window frames, enameled corrugated steel, or slate roofing, and 
place these orders at once with all the different sizes of plate 
glass for the two depots. These two depots can be all put up 
and completed in six months after the foundations are all in 
and the material on the ground. 

It will not take one-half as long to build permanent struc- 
tures where only three or four kinds of material are used. 
This is a great advantage especially when these three or four 
materials are of a durable character, that will not lose in value by 
age, get out of style or decay, which makes it possible to have 
such permanent material kept in stock, and can be ordered 
months, or even years, ahead. 

By this device for building permanent structures on one 
hundred years' durability, it will not take, by practical methods, 
to perform the labor by skilled workmen, only a few months to 
put up these two famous depots, as every piece is fitted to go in 
a certain place, and by certain devices it can be placed there 
rapidly by skilled workmen. 

There is not a particle of doubt but these two structures 
can be completed in less than one-half the time they could be 
built by stone, brick and mortar, and the inside finished in wood, 
with plastered walls and ornamental ceilings. Such structures are 
worthless affairs and liable to burn any day, and will cost a 
fortune to keep in repair and insured, whilst these two depots 
will cost nothing comparatively for insurance and for repairs in 
one hundred years. The syndicate would save at least two to 
three million dollars, perhaps more, in cost and time, that would 
be saved in constructing such permanent depots instead of con- 
structing them by the old methods of building. 

Here is another great advantage in building high, perma- 
nent structures, where the inside finishing is nearly the same on 
the different stories, all the material is got out by one measure- 
ment, and is the same material which makes each story a dupli- 
cate of the other. The duplicate system is a very rapid method 
for constructing buildings. This same device will be carried 
out for constructing the twelve sets of elevated railroad tracks 
for the twelve South Side railroad companies of Chicago. 

By this rapid system of duplicate work it will not take but 
a very short time to build the twelve sets of elevated railroad 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 33 

tracks for the twelve South Side railroad companies ; after the 
foundations are in and the material is on the ground work can be 
commenced all along the lines at once, and the cars all running 
by May i, 1893. I might say in eighteen months. 



PERMANENT STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE CITY AND 

COUNTRY ARE TO BE THE CROWNING GLORIES 

OF THE 20TH CENTURY. 

Such permanent improvements are practical industries and 
would save the people of Chicago during the next century mill- 
ions of gold dollars. These suggestions are worthy the consid- 
eration of the. officials of Chicago and ought to be adopted by 
the people. 

I am fully aware there are many honorable gentlemen in 
Chicago who would prefer to have the improvised improvements 
made so they would cost less. Such improvements are very 
soon out of repair and are a continual expense to the people. 
Should any one doubt this assertion let him or her take a drive 
and ride all over the city and see the enormous number of 
structures in the city going to decay, many of them entirely 
worthless, and are really a damage to the adjoining property. 
There should be a law passed that every building in Chicago 
should be constructed upon this permanent basis so they would 
last practically forever. 

'Tis true our modern structures are a little improvement 
over the older style of buildings, yet it does seem as though our 
architects have not given the people anything new. They have 
been dreaming all these years of the great achievements acquired 
by the ancient architects of the old world, and they 
seem to continue to live in the atmosphere of their 
glory, and have traveled all over Europe to resurrect their old, 
musty designs of architecture, never dreaming civilization has 
advanced, and the race is living way beyond the old ancestor's 
methods of doing business, and why should not the people who 
are living in the evening of the nineteenth century have modern 
architecture for their homes and places of business? 

The people have learned by dearly bought experience that 
carved stones, brick and mortar, plastered decorative walls, 
ceilings, carpets, floors, papered walls, ill ventilated apartments, 



34 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

are unhealthy habitations to live in, as they breed disease and 
are the promotors of death. 

Our modern architecture resembles somewhat the style of 
the ancient pagodas of India. By comparison they are tame 
and inferior, not one-tenth as grand and imposing structures as 
the pagodas are; in one respect our modern public buildings are 
like the pagodas, they have no light, ventilation, comfort or con- 
venience; mostly carved stone, brick and mortar. 

This picture may seem overdrawn. Let us compare it with 
some of our elegant stone and brick residences, also with very 
many of our public and private buildings that our modern archi- 
tects call grand and imposing structures. To illustrate, we will 
take our cit}^ hall and government buildings, with many other 
public and private buildings that are now built and being com- 
pleted. Most of them, with very few exceptions, are like dark, 
dismal dungeons, without very much light, air or ventilation, 
except that they have no cross bars of iron before the windows. 
Such apartments our modern architects have provided for our 
able bench and bar to hold courts in, and offices for the city, 
county and government officials. To spend one-third of a per- 
son's life in such ill ventilated, unhealthy apartments, is not to 
the credit, to say the least, of modern architecture. 

Were I an architect and lived in the blaze and glory of the 
ninteenth century, I would cast away the worthless copy and 
build for myself a new design, my own creative thought of mod- 
ern architecture. The principles governing the laws of health 
would be the foundation stone upon which I would construct my 
earthy temple, always keeping in mind health, comfort, con- 
venience, and a structure that would not burn, or decay by age. 
My greatest ambition would be to excel, and I would not leave a 
stone unturned until I had many permanent, healthful structures 
built in Chicago for my exhibit at the World's Fair in 1893. 
Chicago architects then might well be proud of the crown of 
glory they will surely wear; the prize medal of honor they will 
surely win for their grand and noble enterprise. Then the old 
world would come to the new, to Chicago, to obtain their models 
and designs for their public buildings and their homes that will 
prolong the years of longevity in the race so man and woman will 
live double the years they do to-day. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 35 

MOSHER'S DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTING IDEAL HOMES FOR THE CITY 

AND FARM WILL INCREASE LONGEVITY IN THE HUMAN FAMILY 

DOUBLE THE YEARS THE PEOPLE LIVE TO-DAY. 

There is not a particle of doubt, by constructing our homes 
as well as our places of business, with material that will not burn 
or decay by age, will increase the longevity of human life double 
the years the people live to-day, and will save the race from 
being mortgaged from generation to generation, with throat and 
kindred pulmonary diseases, rheumatism and neuralgia, that 
bring to the human family untimely suffering and premature 
deaths. 

By this device the people will construct their houses on one 
hundred years' durability, the same as contemplated for the two 
famous depots, with a system of perfect ventilation to purify the 
air and drive away disease. By this device the loving wife and 
fond mothers will never have any more worry and anxieties in 
taking care of and providing for necessary furnishings for the 
inside or outside of these ideal homes, as everything that enters 
into their construction will last, practically, forever. By this 
device the wife and prudent mother will not be afraid to have 
the bright, shining sun shine into their apartments and drive 
away disease, as there will be only light, cheerful rugs required 
for the floors; no more need of costly carpets, tapestries and 
home decorations to spoil and wear out, no more fire insur- 
ance policies to pay for as the buildings cannot burn. 

By these ideal homes there will be no more slaving work 
that will have to be done by our mothers, wives or daughters. 
Life is too short; time is too precious to spend it in such a 
miserable way as cleaning house, taking up carpets, decorating 
our homes once or twice a year, as all good housekeepers have 
to do. 

READER, 

Did you ever stop to think and reflect for one moment, that all 
the daily toilers in this beautiful world are at work to-day in 
getting the material ready; to plant the seed to sell the corn; 
to sow the wheat to support the man and woman who are toiling 
by day's work, to furnish the material to manufacture all these 
unnecessary luxuries of life that are to be dispensed with during 
the next century. Thank God there will be but a few years more 
of such useless work as the people are called upon to-day to 



36 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

perform to earn money, to purchase all these unnecessary luxuries 
of life, that can be so easily dispensed with in our scientific, 
practical ideal home. Then it will be a healthful pleasure as 
well as a delightful pastime for our cherished mothers, wives and 
sisters to perform the daily duties of life in the ideal heavenly 
home on earth. 

By this same device, it will be a delightful pleasure, a health- 
ful pastime and recreation for our business men and women to 
spend six and eight hours a day in the daily vocations of a busi- 
ness life, in these modern constructed, permanent business 
buildings, that are designed, planned and built expressly for 
health, comfort, convenience and for solid enjoyment, where it 
will be a pleasure instead of a worrying task to perform the 
daily duties of a business life, when such scientific, practical in- 
dustries will be provided for the people. Then our beautiful 
world will be a paradise, an earthly heaven for men and women 
to live in. 

It really is a wonder this device for building permanent 
structures has not been adopted by enterprising architects long 
years ago, no doubt would of been had they not been ransacking 
Europe for the old master's designs (stealing their thunder), in- 
stead of creating a new model adapted to the wants and needs 
of a more enlightened civilization. 

THE IDEAL HOME. 

ITS CLEANLINESS, HEALTHFULNESS AND DURABILITY. 

Its foundation stone is a solid rock and will stand forever; 
its entire frame work is enameled steel. This enameled steel 
frame work forms the shape of the rooms, halls and structure. 
Between this steel frame work are to be set hollow, ornamental 
enameled tiling in beautiful colors and designs. This enameled 
tiling is for partitions, ceilings and floors. The outside walls 
are to be enameled stone, enameled hollow tiling and plate glass 
set in enameled steel frames, copper for cornices, trimmings and 
ornamentations. The window and door frames are to be made 
out of hollow, enameled steel, or wood veneered over with sheets 
of zinc, copper or steel plate, enameled in the natural colors of 
ornamented wood and marble. These veneered decorations are 
to be used on inside and outside window casings, door frames,, 
cornices, and on inside ceilings and side walls. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 37 

These walls and ceilings will represent by these veneered 
decorations the beautiful landscape, works of art from the old 
and new masters imitating all designs of wood, marble and relics 
of interests. The dining-rooms to have the forms of all kinds 
of game, pressed out, and painted in natural colors, fish, bear, 
deer, bullock and rare birds of beauty. The bath-room, the 
water nymph and beautiful children bathing. The library 
rooms portraits of great men and women. The memorial 
gallery family portraits, works of art, souvenirs and remembrance 
of friends. 

Where this enameled material on window and door frames 
come in contact with other enameled material, use rubber 
ribbon between the two materials, so there will be no friction or 
wear. By this device a perfect water and air tight connection 
will be made. Use the same device in setting the glass, have 
rubber ribbon between the glass and enameled material. This 
will make the glass have a soft bed to lie in that water cannot 
penetrate through. This device will make every room in the 
structure not only water but air and dust tight, and by the medi- 
cated ventilating fresh air device for ventilating the apartments 
this device will draw out of every room every particle of dust 
and impure air which will make every room in the ideal home 
a paradise to live in. 

ORNAMENTAL GLASS AND MIRROR DECORATIONS. 

For the more elegant home, ornamental colored glass and 
mirror decorations are to be set in beautiful designs of raised 
ornamental panels, frames adorned with colored porcelain, 
climbing vines, and beautiful roses in natural colors. 

These panels are to be set in the ceilings and side walls, for 
high art decorations in the blue, pink and canary rooms. The 
furnishing and furniture in ideal homes are to be selected by 
cultured, high art artists. Then the decorations will match 
perfectly in color and style with the different ornamentations 
presented. Such artistic ornamentations and furnishings as is 
anticipated for the ideal home, will not only make the canary, 
pink and blue rooms charmingly beautiful and picturesque, but 
every room in the ideal home will be displayed in the highest 
style of art, elegance, beauty and durability. 

There is not a lady on earth but what would go in ecstacies 
and delight to behold in her home such perfection, beauty and 



38 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

durability combined. Her phrases would be continual for the 
ideal home and the little work it would take to keep it clean and 
in perfect order. These permanent ornamentations that will not 
wear out or decay, are only a small part of the attractions of the 
popular modern home. 

PERMANENCY, LABOR-SAVING AND ARTISTIC MERIT FOR CULTURE 
ARE THE GREAT ATTRACTIONS FOR THE IDEAL HOME. 

The ideal home will contain libraries of useful books, read- 
ing-rooms, music halls, art galleries, intellectual training schools 
for educating the family circle in the three crowning accomplish- 
ments of life in literature, music and art. With these cultured 
blessings, training schools in practical industry are to be taught 
and the best methods how to make money, and the best way to 
spend it, to advance the great interests of humanity on the 
higher plain of life, this is the chief end of man. 

THE GRAND AND BEAUTIFUL ILLUMINATIONS 

will be vividly portrayed in the exterior and interior of ideal 
homes, by the Edson's famous electric illuminations, with his 
billions of colors of ever changing rays of light to adorn and beau- 
tify. These illuminations and adornments can be enjoyed in an 
instant at any time in every room and on the outside of the 
structure simply by a gentle touch of the electric bell. By this 
gentle touch the ideal home can be illuminated in a blaze of 
glory, with the most charming soul-inspiring picture ever beheld 
by mortal eyes. The same gentle touch will set musical instru- 
ments a-playing with the sweetest medodies of music that the 
ear has ever heard, such music halls, for studying music, such 
libraries of useful books, such galleries for studying art, such 
training schools for education will fill the brains of the children 
with intellectual culture, the earth with noble men and women. 
This would be glory enough for one generation. 

HOUSEKEEPING MADE EASY IN THE IDEAL HOME. 

By the following device for cooking, washing, ironing, venti- 
lating and heating the rooms in the ideal home will make house- 
keeping a pleasure and passtime, instead of a laborious, worry- 
ing task. 

The device consists in building a small outdoor storehouse 
a few rods from the ideal home, that will hold a few barrels of 
kerosene oil, and large enough for a general storeroom, such as 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 39 

every family wants, and place upon a certain elevation in this 
storehouse a barrel of kerosene oil, or any number of gallons, 
above the level of your cooking range in the home and above 
the level of the furnace in the engine-room, which is to be situ- 
ated between the storehouse and the ideal home. 

From this kerosene barrel in the storehouse the range is 
heated that does the cooking for the family, as well as to furnish 
the heat in the furnace room that generates the steam power 
that runs the engine and machinery to heat the house and to do 
the ventilating, washing, ironing and all the tiresome, hard labor 
that has to be done in housekeeping. The same device will 
make the butter and cheese on the farm, and pump the water 
into the reservoirs for the house, stable and barns. Such im- 
provements- in the ideal home will cost but a very small sum of 
money every year — not one-half what stoves and furnaces would. 

VENTILATING PURE AIR DEVICE FOR THE HOME OFFICE AND 
BUSINESS STRUCTURE. 

This is a wonderful invention for driving away disease, for 
building up healthy tissues in the body, and increasing the lon- 
gevity of the race beyond three score years and ten. 

By placing the medicated ventilating device in every home, 
office and store, will draw out of every home, office and store, by 
suction power through pneumatic tubes, the impure air, the 
germs that breed disease and death, by the reverse suction 
power will draw in from the outside the pure air of heaven which 
will produce a circulation in every room in the house, in every 
store and office in the ideal structure. 

MEDICATED AIR AND PERFECT VENTILATION WILL PREVENT AND 
CURE MORE DISEASES THAN MEDICINE. 

By this device the air we breathe in our homes and places 
of business can be medicated with life-sustaining properties, 
perfumed with fragrant, sweet-smelling odors, that will purify 
the blood and assist nature in making healthy tissues free from 
disease. By constantly breathing this invigorating medicated 
air through the lungs will make pure blood, vigorous life in a 
strong, healthy body. 

THE APARTMENTS WILL BE HEATED BY THE SAME SUCTION POWER, 

Drawing in the heat from the furnace-room, that is to be con- 
structed on the outside of the ideal home. 



40 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

INCORPORATE CHICAGO'S IDEAL HOME CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. 

No doubt Chicago's Ideal Home Construction Company 
could receive orders as soon as such a syndicate could be 
organized. Ideal homes, business blocks and business build- 
ings in cities and country, could be contracted for and furnished 
throughout complete in the highest style of art from samples, 
designs and plans, the orders filled on short notice direct from 
the factory. Such practical ide'al homes and business houses? 
constructed upon one hundred years' durability, that cannot be 
set on fire, that will practically last forever without being repaired, 
such a device must commend this new principle in building to 
every intelligent person. 

PERMANENT MATERIAL FOR THE STRUCTURE. 

As all of the material is of a permanent character it can be 
kept in stock without waste by decay and it never will get out of 
style or out of date. The glass can be kept in sheets, the enam- 
eled tiling in quantities. The steel in bulk already to cast to fill 
an order on short notice. For certain popular styles of structures 
even the enameled steel and the entire structure could be kept 
in stock, the order filled at once, the structure completed ready 
for occupancy in a very few weeks from the time the order was 
given. 

FRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS, 

what more could be desired than to have all these improvements 
in Chicago and all the internal improvements of every kind, 
sidewalks, sewers, water and gas mains, in our city rebuilt upon 
this plan of one hundred years' durability. Imagine, if you can, 
a city made of material that will not wear out or decay, with- 
out having to be repaired, without expenses for fire insurance, 
without dirt or filth, to breed disease and death, with every 
building constructed for the people upon steel clad rules and 
regulations, for promoting health, comfort, convenience and 
durability. 

Upon this plan our famous city could well afford to rebuild 
Chicago the third time upon this new device principle of one 
hundred years' durability, and on this famous one block device 
system, sky-scrapers, as some of our old fogies would call them. 
Little do these ancient gentlemen realize that the air above the 
ground where they breathe is worth far more in the business 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 41 

part of Chicago to the property owners than their grounds are 
now worth, buildings and all. These old played-out buildings, 
even the new ones, will pay only a small income on the invest- 
ment after the taxes, repairs and actual expenses have all been 
taken out. By this new device there will be no expense account 
for repairs or for insurance. The extra amount of rents received 
and the expenses saved in twenty-five years, will pay for tearing 
down the old structures and for building the new ones, with 
life and good health prolonged double the years the people will 
live in the old buildings. This is no exaggeration or visionary 
dream but is worthy the consideration of the business men and 
women of enterprising Chicago. 

PRESIDENT AND OFFICIALS OF THE WORLD'S FAIR, SAVE THAT 
$10,000,000 FOR THE PEOPLE. 

Would not the officials of the World's Fair and the officials 
of the different states and territories do well to consider this new 
principle and device for building permanent structures on the 
plan of one hundred years' durability. 

By constructing the World's Fair buildings out of material 
that is imperishable, that will not burn or decay, this imperish- 
able material can be easily taken down without being damaged 
for a small expense, boxed and removed to any part of the city, 
state or country, and put up again with the World's Fair exhibi- 
tion just as perfect and permanent as the structure was in the 
first place. 

By this device the states and territories will have their 
World's Fair buildings and exhibits for historical "souvenirs" 
of remembrances of the great International Memorial event, 
that occurred in Chicago in the history of the world in 1893. 

This device would be a great triumph in architecture, and 
would save at least 50 to 75 per cent of the millions that the 
World's Fair buildings will cost the people. 

By this device Chicago's World's Fair syndicate could con- 
struct all the exposition buildings in six months after the orders 
were given to construct them. This same syndicate would bind 
themselves under heavy penalties to remove these permanent 
structures to any part of the globe, and put them up again as 
perfect as they were in the first place. 



America's National Ship Canal. 



will solve Chicago's sewage problem and will make Illinois 

the greatest manufacturing state in america and 

it should be constructed at once by a 

chicago and london stock company. 

America's national ship canal is, too, to be constructed on 
one hundred years durability, and will not leak or get out of 
repair unless it is done by downright carelessness. 

This canal is to be built by a new device and on an entirely 
new principle for conducting water through canals and for build- 
ing dockages and harbors. 

This device consists in making solid stone for the bottom 
and embankments of this famous ship canal where it passes over 
low grounds, creeks and rivers. It would not be necessary to 
use this device in no other place along the route. 

This solid stone for the embankments and bottom of said 
canal will become like one solid rock, and this solid rock is sup- 
posed to rest upon the solid earth for its foundation. 

FOR THE OUTSIDE SUPPORTS OF THE TWO EMBANKMENTS 

Use stone, and cement them together in such a substantial man- 
ner they will become like one solid rock. 

USE HEAVY STEEL KNEE BARS 

Embedded in the stone cement for the corners in the bottom of 
the canal. Have these heavy bars run pretty well up the em- 
bankment and across the bottom of said canal. As they will 
add great strength and will cause the canal to resist a tremend- 
ous pressure, and will add a permanency that no other device 
could give to a canal structure. 

In this device, there is planned to have several gates along 
the route to shut off the water in the canal, in case of an accident 
or an emergency, so there will be no damages to pay for by an 
overflow of water. 

THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD DREDGE OUT LAKE CALUMET FOR THE 
EASTERN TERMINUS OF THIS SHIP CANAL. 

The government should dredge out Lake Calumet large 
enough to make a harbor equal to two or three miles square, as 
this will be the safest and most important harbor on this western 
continent, and is the proper location for Chicago's shipping inter- 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 43 

ests and is so situated it can accommodate the growing shipping 
business of the northwest. Around this harbor inland ship 
canals can be dug into the main land along the east shore of lake 
Michigan. Along these ship canals and around this harbor 
Chicago would build her immense warehouses, large enough to 
carry on the shipping business for this western continent, and 
for a great national inland seaport, where ocean steamers from 
all parts of the world can find a safe harbor. This harbor would 
be a favorite place for these ocean steamers to exchange by the 
treaty of reciprocity their merchandise for the products of this 
western world. All of this can be accomplished for the people 
by this famous waterway route to the Mississippi river- 

From this harbor of Lake Calumet construct America's 
national ship canal on a cannon ball line to a certain place 
along the Mississippi river where the water would be several 
feet below the level of Lake Mighigan, so there would be a 
steady flow of water from Lake Michigan into the Mississippi 
river. 

Nature has done well her part for this great national enter- 
prise as there would be no place along the route, where the 
embankments for this canal would have to be more than fifty 
feet high and this embankment would be short, there would be 
many other small embankments along the route. 

This cannon ball line would run in a southwesterly direction 
from Chicago and would strike the Mississippi river near or at 
Rock Island, the exact cost for building it could be correctly esti- 
mated after the survey's had been made. 

Wherever there would be embankments to build up, there is 
plenty of good material close at hand to make them, and by 
practical methods and well constructed devices such work can 
be done very rapidly, and as before suggested, this canal should 
be constructed on a permanent basis of one hundred years 
durability without having to be repaired and it will cost only a 
little more money in the first place to build it on this permanent 
basis. 

These embankments are money making devices, where the 
most profitable and practical manufacturing industries can be 
inaugurated and sustained for the people, not for a few years, 
but for all ages to come. During the next century millions upon 
millions of dollars will have been created by this famous canal. 



44 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

Its productive resources have no limit for earning money, besides 
transportating the million of tons of the products of the country 
by the cheap water-way route to the market places of the world. 

The location selected for this national ship canal makes this 
great money making power possible and a very profitable and a 
permanent investment to the stockholders who will be lucky 
enough to own the stock that builds the canal. 

There is not a particle of doubt, but there would be before 
the twentieth century at least one million of skilled mechanics 
permanently located, with steady employment living in the manu- 
facturing cities and villages along the route of this famous canal 
from Chicago to the Mississippi river. Wherever there would 
be embankments there you would find prosperous manufacturing 
cities and villages. These villages will extend along these creeks 
far down the valleys of Illinois. Upon scientific principles this 
famous water power device can be used over and over again for 
manufacturing purposes and in irrigating the land before it 
reaches its level, the father of waters. 

THESE FAMOUS WATER POWER PRIVILEGES 

should be rented to the people at a very low rent on ninety-nine 
years' lease. This rent would bring a tremendous income to 
the syndicate and would pay a fair rate of interest on the 
investment. 

INDUCEMENTS TO MANUFACTURES FROM ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. 

The great inducement to manufactures would be, they could 
centralize their manufacturing industries along this cheap water- 
way route convenient to all the market places of the world. This 
is not all the advantages that would be gained, their establisments 
would be surrounded with immense farming industries, right in 
the midst of the Garden of Eden where all the living expenses 
for the home and family comforts could be purchased from first 
hands the producers, as well as all the material that has to be used 
for manufacturing, such as lumber, wood, coal, iron, copper, lead 
and all kinds of mineral ores are at the very door of these manu- 
facturers and could be purchased at first cost. Such advantages 
with cheap water power privileges would defy the competition 
of the world. 

DURING THE NEXT CENTURY. 

During the next century by this famous canal the taxable 
property in the great State of Illinois will be increased at least 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 45 

one hundred million dollars, with a continual revenue pouring 
into the State treasury and into the peoples' pocket books and 
into the bank account of the projectors of this national enterprise. 

CHICAGO'S SEWAGE PROBLEM SOLVED. 

The city of Chicago could well afford to pay this syndicate 
two to three million dollars every year for the privilege running 
her immense sewage through this canal. The State of Illinois 
could well afford to pay five million dollars and the government 
ten or twenty million dollars as an endowment fund towards the 
construction of these great national enterprises. 

America's national ship canal syndicate 

Should construct the eastern branch of this national ship 
canal from Lake Michigan to Lake Erie. This short cut would 
shorten the shipping industry from the western states to the 
seaboard many hundred miles and save many days of valuable 
time, which is money. 

CHICAGO'S RiVERS TO BE ABANDONED AS A NUISANCE AND 
$50,000,000 SAVED 10 THE PEOPLE. 

If these great national enterprises could be constructed as 
suggested, Chicago rivers could be abandoned as nuisances, as 
nuisances they are, and damaging to property interest and the 
future growth of Chicago. With these rivers abandoned, Chicago 
could lay her sewage canals in the bottom of the two rivers, and 
conduct the sewage through them into America's National 
Ship Canal, and fill up the river beds. The street frontage that 
cross the two rivers inside the city limits, would bring in the 
market at least $50,000,000. This would pay a large portion 
of the cost for building America's national ship canal. Then 
there would be no more west, north, south or east side of Chicago 
— one continous city from limits to limits, and all property values 
increased one hundred million dollars. Real estate men, figure 
this problem out; give Chicago your estimate of this great in- 
ternational improvement, and the value of the street frontage 
across the rivers inside the city limits. 

BY A PETITION A MILE LONG IF NECESSARY. 

The great State of Illinois and the city of Chicago should 
send a petition to Congress, a mile long, if it was necessary ? 
praying Congress to have the Supreme Court of the United States 
re-open the case governing navigable waterways and small rivers 



46 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

like the north and south branch of Chicago river, which has be- 
come insufficient, and is altogether too small, to carry on the 
great shipping business for the great growing west. 

Everybody will admit Chicago river has done well her part 
in building up our city in the years that have passed and gone, 
and was indispensable, and has made Chicago a great and pros- 
perous city. 

The immense shipping businesss along our western lakes 
and the increasing demands for shipping facilities in our city of 
1,200,000 people cannot possibly be allowed to go to decay by 
having inferior shipping facilities, especially when Chicago has 
such grand opportunities to have the best shipping facilities on 
this western continent. Such shipping facilities as Chicago can 
possess will encourage to our shore the great shipping industries 
of the world, simply by the government dredging out Lake 
Calumet for a harbor and by making inland ship canals, as 
before mentioned, along the east shore of Lake Michigan, and 
by digging America's national ship canal. 

A CHICAGO AND LONDON STOCK COMPANY 

Should be organized' at once to promote this great international 
enterprise, and to purchase all the worthless swamp lands and 
low ground in Cook county and the north-east corner of the low 
lands in Indiana and along the route to the Mississippi river, as 
this ship canal will drain all of these low grounds and transform 
these worthless swamps and sloughs into a Garden of Eden, and 
have this great money-making device for the people completed 
by May 1st, 1895. 

With these national practical industries that are men- 
tioned in this book are carried out, then America will go out 
with the 19th century in a. blaze of glory for their enterprises 
and successes that have been established for the people and 
by the people. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 47 

A GREAT MONEY-MAKING PROJECT 

FOR WHOLESALE MERCHANTS AND MANUFACTURERS TO CHANCE 
THEIR WHOLESALE STORES INTO RETAIL STORES. 

The only practical location for Chicago's wholesale mer- 
chants' and manufacturers' warehouses is outside of the city 
limits, on acre land, instead of the two, three and five thousand 
dollar per foot property. 

Here on this virgin soil is the grand opportunity to lay out 
a perfect system of warehouses, not only for the wholesale mer- 
chants and manufacturers of Chicago, but the merchants and 
manufacturers of the whole world can have their western store- 
houses located here, as Chicago is destined to become the great 
central distributing city on this continent. Just as soon as this 
city of wholesale warehouses could be established outside the 
city limits the wholesale merchants and manufacturing establish- 
ments in the central portion of Chicago could be transformed 
into elegant, large and commodious retail stores and jobbing 
apartments, with the upper stories reserved for wholesale sample 
displays, and salesrooms, where samples of every kind of merch- 
andise that are stored in the city limits' warehouse can be exhib- 
ited to the best advantage. 

In these apartments the wholesale mercantile business of 
Chicago will be transacted, the sales telephoned to the manager of 
the wholesale warehouse at the city limits where the goods will be 
selected, boxed and shipped direct to the customer, without any 
delay in hauling the goods to the depots, and without any ex- 
pense of hauling the goods from the freight depots to 
warehouse. BY this device 

The wholesale merchants would rent their wholesale stores for 
retail stores and jobbing apartmeuts, and would save an enor- 
mous expense account in keeping a large stable of horses, har- 
nesses, wagons and employes to receive and deliver the goods 
This heavy teaming will save very much of the wear and tear of 
the streets and relieve the overcrowded, congested thoroughfares, 
and the device will be to all parties interested a great money sav- 
ing and money making improvement that the city and people 
cannot afford to lose the opportunity of obtaining. 

BY THIS SYSTEM OE WAREHOUSES 

The wholesale merchants' warehouse will be connected by ele- 



48 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

vated side tracks with all the main trunk line roads that are in the 
combination of this one block elevated railroad system. This 
combination will embrace every railroad company that runs cars 
into Chicago, and there is no railroad company that could afford 
to be out of this combination; if they were, they would soon 
cease to do a profitable business. The centralization system for 
conducting and carrying on large or small business transactions 
will defy the competition of a single competitor though he is 
worth millions; all his money would be lost in fighting the gov- 
erning controlling power of centralization. 

THIS GREAT CENTRALIZING POWER IN MONOPOLIES 

In the end, is not going to work to the disadvantage of the people. 
On the contrary, it will work out a more perfect and economical 
system for carrying on all the great business industries of the 
country. These powerful monopolies are bound to give the peo- 
ple cheaper and better accommodations, cheaper and better 
materials, cheaper and better articles of every kind that the 
people have to purchase and use. This certainly is a grand and 
noble improvement over the old methods in conducting business 
single-handed or by small companies. By the old methods it 
used to cost the people more and they would have inferior arti- 
cles and materials to use to what they have now. 
There is not a particle of danger in monopolies. 

THE PEOPLE WHO CREATE HAVE THE POWER TO REMOVE. 

Whenever these monopolies cease to do right and just by the 
people, the same power who created them has the undoubted 
right to remove. The people are the great power in America 
that stands behind the throne and will compel powerful monopo- 
lies to obey honest and just laws as soon as they would single in- 
dividuals. This is true republicanism in a republican govern- 
ment, but it would not be in a monarchial government. 

With this money making device inaugurated, the railroad 
industries centralized, America's national ship canal constructed, 
with the other improvements suggested in this little book, will 
give a tremendous boom and stimulus to business in every kind 
of industry. These enterprises will double the population in Chi- 
cago before the nations of the world celebrate their 1,900 birth- 
day anniversary. I am most respectfully the people's co-worker 
in public improvements, C. D. MOSHER. 



Education is the Defender of Humanity. 



THE SAFEGUARD OF THE NATION. 



CHICAGO'S MEMORIAL HOME AND TEMPLE OF ART 

IS TO BE THIRTY STORIES HIGH AND WILL HAVE THE 
GRANDEST OBSERVATORY ON THE GLOBE 

THIS TEMPLE 

IS DEDICATED TO THE LADIES OF CHICAGO AND THE 
PROMINENT MEN AND WOMEN OF AMERICA. 

Chicago's Memorial Home and Temple of Art is to be 
erected for the advancement of intellectual culture in the three 
crowning glories of life — literature, music and art, and a home 
where representative men and women can work together for 
the good of humanity, a home where members of different pro- 
fessions can meet on social grounds for mutual gains — clergymen, 
bench and bar, officials of railroad companies and the officials of 
all prominent industries, physicians, editors, bankers, merchants, 
manufacturers, associations, prominent men and women who 
hold public trusts in the leading industries of the nation, all are 
included in this noble work for the upbuilding of character, for 
bettering the conditions of the human family. 

In the memorial home all representative men and women 
can meet in the various apartments set aside for them, and dis- 
cuss measures for the public good, exchange ideas, develop new 
thoughts, which will broaden their visions and enable them to 
cope successfully with the problems of their commercial lives, 
and conduct honorably and profitably the various callings they 
may be engaged in. 

Let the Memorial Home become distinguished for its open 
doors, for its good work performed, not only for the three 
crowning glories of life in literature music and art, but for the 
advancement of practical industries that support families and 
builds up the nation. 

Let the memorial stand forever for a home where the shining 
lights of earth, the leading spirits of the world can assemble 
together and discuss all public and private questions that are con- 
tinually coming up, in a city government, state and nation. 

Upon this rock have the ladies of Chicago and surrounding 



50 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

country build this grand memorial structure as high as Heaven, 
as lasting as the human heart, and let it stand through eternity 
the intellectual heavenly light, the Mt. Vesuvius in sowing good 
seeds, in reaping great harvests of noble souls, created and made 
more beautiful by an intellectual life. This undying love for the 
human family will bring at the last day to the promoters of good 
deeds sheaves heavy laden with the golden wheat that will grow 
again in heaven. 

Have the memorial home become the council chamber, the 
assembly rooms, where the good people of Chicago of both sexes 
can congregate and germinate new thoughts and ideas and to 
formulate just and righteous laws that will govern and control 
the people of Chicago and this nation. 

The memorial home is to contain not only these great educa- 
tional advantages, but it is to be the golden cord of perfection in 
wealth of art culture, and art decorations that will beautify and 
adorn the home as well as the characters of life. There will be 
in this grand, magnificent structure memorial art galleries of 
marble statuary, and portraits of illustrious men and women of 
America and Europe, with other classified memorial galleries of 
portraiture of prominent persons in all the different professions and 
vocations of life, and in a distinguished apartment have reading 
and reception rooms, where the tired business men and women 
can visit and enjoy a social chat and rest, with her or his neighbor 
and friend. Adjoining this reception room have a library filled with 
early history and relics of old Chicago, and a memorial gallery 
of photographs and portraits, with the names, occupation and 
address of the old fathers and mothers, the old pioneers, who 
laid the foundation broad and deep for a marvelous, prosperous 
city, with an annex memorial portrait gallery of Chicago's 
prominent professional men and women, including the distin- 
guished statesmen and heroes of the great state of Illinois, this 
historical collection of portraiture to embrace Chicago's promi- 
nent business men and women, bankers, merchants, manufac- 
turers, representative men and women from all vocations of life. 
This memorial collection of speaking likenesses of our own 
prominent men and womem would be the pride and glory of 
Chicago. 

Have other memorial galleries of the beautiful landscapes 
and art decorations to adorn and beautify the home, and a sales 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 51 

gallery for the people to purchase these memorial " souvenirs" 
and adornments for their own home, with annex memorial libra- 
ries filled with useful books, not light reading, but practical books 
that will greatly assist any young man or woman to learn a pro- 
fession, trade or business industry. To have connected with these 
libraries, reading rooms, studios for studying art, music halls 
for studying music, lecture, reading and concert rooms, all for 
better educating the public morals, our children's children, the 
worthy, deserving poor young men and young women of our 
city. These social, intellectual entertainments every day and 
evening will counteract many of the evil influences that are at 
work everywhere in our beloved city. 

THE GREAT IMPORTANT LESSON FOR AMERICAN CHILDREN TO LEARN. 

Teach the children in the home and at school by precept 
and example the practical, necessary industries of life and how 
to make money honestly and how to save it for a rainy day, and 
how to spend it wisely, to build a home and furnish it with home 
comforts, with art decorations, music and libraries for culture. 
This is an imperative duty every parent owes their child to see 
that this important part of your child's education is not 
neglected. 

THE STATUARY AND PORTRAITURE IN THE HOME 

should be finished in the highest style of the art, better than the 
old favorite galleries in Europe has. This would give the galleries 
a famous reputation, and they would become renowned for their 
excellence and perfection all over the world. 

The best and most economical plan to complete this art work 
would be to get the Italian marble for the statuary in large quan- 
tities and the sculptors from Italy, as their artists are considered 
best sculptors in marble statuary, and engage none but celebrated 
artists in the marble and portraiture, select those who have a 
famous name from among the very best artists in America, France, 
Germany, Italy, anywhere in the world, and pay them liberally. 
This will bring to Chicago the very best artist talent that can be 
obtained. 

The contract should be made binding that all art work 
must pass perfect inspection by three of the best connoiseurs 
of art, before any statuary or portrait can be placed in the art 
galleries of the memorial home. This would make the statuary 



52 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

and portraiture very valuable as works of art and would give the 
galleries a famous name all over the world. 

By having all the art work made in Chicago would give our 
home artist and the artist of America a great educational experi- 
ence and prestige in the school of art, during the years it will 
take to complete the work. 

When these memorial galleries were open to the public 
they would attract thousands of pleasure seekers and lovers of 
high art from the old world and millions of our own countrymen 
to our city. These memorial galleries of art, of music, of litera- 
ture will add many millions of dollars every year to the business 
enterprises of Chicago and will make the Garden City the great 
art center of this western continent and to the old and new 
world what Rome and Paris have been and with her classified 
libraries, music halls, and educational opera houses in classical 
music will give our young men and ladies a classical finished 
education such as the western young ladies and young men have 
never enjoyed in America, such educational advantages and 
schools for culture as can be had in our beloved city will make 
Chicago early in the next century stand at the head of the world 
in classical attainments, in literature, music and art. Such 
classical schools for culture as the memorial home will furnish 
the people, young men and young ladies will come from the old 
world to the new to receive their classical and business educa- 
tion. In all these years we have been doing a great injustice to 
our fair city, to our young men and ladies on this western con- 
tinent in withholding from them the advantages of life in the 
race for intellectual growth that adorns and beautifies character, 
society, the home, and family circle. 

The time has now fully come when we should have the best 
institution of learning, music and art established here in Chicago, 
and the great expense saved, and inconvenience in sending our 
children to eastern cities and to Europe for the accomplishments 
of a classical education. 

In order to make this memorial a great financial success 
and a greater intellectual blessing to society, and especially to 
the masses of the people of Chicago, it is absolutely necessary 
to locate this great school-house of learning on that beautiful 
piece of ground known as the lake front. These memorial 
grounds should commence at the lake on Park row, and run west 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 53 

to Michigan avenue, and thence north along Michigan avenue to 
the river; if possible thence east to the lake. If the right of 
way could not be had to the river stop at Jackson or Washing- 
ton streets, thence east to Lake Michigan. All of the north 
front of Park row and the east front of Michigan avenue should 
be dedicated and bequeathed as a memorial legacy to Chicago's 
Memorial Stock Company. This would give the Memorial Com- 
pany entire control of all the grounds and improvements fronting 
Chicago's famous memorial temple and memorial park and 
the city should dedicate these famous grounds. 

COLUMBIAN MEMORIAL PARK. 

This historical park should be beautified and made the West- 
minster Abbey of America. At the north entrance to the Mem- 
orial Home from Michigan Ave. should be erected the grand tri- 
umphal arch, the gatewey to the great memorial temple, welcom- 
ing the people from every nation to Chicago and the World's 
Columbian Exposition. At the south entrance from Michigan 
Ave. place life size statues of the two heroes of the nation, Gen. 
George Washington on one side, and Gen. Ulysses Grant on the 
other, both on horseback, hat in hand, in the attitude of saluta- 
tion. At the north entrance on Washington street have two 
life size statues of the sturdy manufacturer and husbandman, 
the champions of civilization. At the south entrance on Park 
row there may be a life size statute of Abraham Lincoln in the 
act of reading the proclamation of emancipation to a group of 
slaves, manacled together with a chain. 

In the park there should be erected statues to the memory 
of the distinguished men of our nation — Logan, Sheridan, Doug- 
las, Garfield, Webster, Clay, Jackson, Longfellow, and a host of 
others with the heroes of war; a memorial from the South, Gen. 
Robert Lee; from the bar, Blackstone; from electricians, Prof. 
Morse; from France, Gen. Lafayette; from England, Gladstone; 
from Germany, Mozart; from the professionals, Shakespeare; 
with ample room for other distinguished dead whose memories 
every American loves to honor, whose good deeds are shining 
lights in the nineteenth century. 

Chicago is the central figure on this western continent. Her 
resources are unsurpassed, her climate makes her the Switzer- 



54 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

land of America, her parks and drives are magnificent in their 
beauty and grandeur. The vast productiveness of the western 
world has no parallel in history. Here are produced every 
variety of grain, vegetable and fruit, cotton, wool, horses, cattle, 
sheep pork — enough to feed and clothe the millions at first cost; 
and besides we have practically exhaustless mines of gold, silver, 
copper, iron, coal and lead ores at our very doors, accessible to 
our city by lake and river navigation, and a larger number of 
railroads centering here than any other city upon this continent. 

With all this wealth, why should not Chicago become the 
largest city in America and the greatest in intellectual attain- 
ments? For enterprise she stands to-day unrivaled by any of 
the cities of the old and new world. The resurrection of the 
new Chicago, so triumphant and grand, from the charred ruins of 
the old was the most surprising marvel of the nineteenth century. 
The sagacity of her business men in commercial transactions is 
not less marvelous; their mammoth business transactions extend 
into every large city in the world. 

With all this wealth and enterprise, why cannot our business 
men stop for a moment, as life is short, and build for themselves 
and their children a Memorial Temple of of Art, Music and Lit- 
erature, which is far more needed here in Chicago than is any 
other institution, public or private, and which Chicago must have 
before she can fulfill her manifest destiny? By this magnificent 
Memorial she would become the beacon light, the grand Mount 
Vesuvius, the sower of good seed of intellectual culture 
broadcast, not only in Chicago, but all over the western world, in 
beautifying character, the home, and the fireside. 

This would be rendering kind acts and good deeds for the 
showers of love and gold that the world gave so bountifully and 
magnanimous to suffering Chicago in 1871. 

Chicago's memorial home and temple of art will give an in- 
tellectual TONE TO SOCIETY IN SHAPING THE DESTINIES 
OF THIS WESTERN WORLD. 

No doubt there will be many other memorial art temples 
organized, and memorial halls and memorial homes created, 
in villages and cities on this western continent, fashioned after 
Chicago's famous memorial home. These memorial homes will 
be built by enterprising philanthropists who will want to leave a 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 55 

memorial legacy behind as a beacon light for intellectual culture 
and as a promoter of practical industries. Such precious gift will 
live forever in doing good for posterity. 

CHICACxO'S MEMORIAL HOME. 

It might not be out of place to make a few suggestions, con- 
cerning the construction, location, and the benefits the people 
will derive by erecting this memorial home in Chicago. A mem- 
orial that is intended to do so muctrgood and to benefit so many 
people, must necessarily be located very convenient for the peo- 
ple to visit it often, and the structure must necessarily be very 
large to accomomdate in separate apartments all the different 
professions, organized bodies of bankers, merchants, manufac- 
turers, railroad officials, scientists, inventors, philosophers, clergy- 
men, editors, bench and bar, physcians, musicans, professors in 
colleges and seminaries, literary and historical societies, gold 
and silver mining bureaus, old settlers' memorial room, public 
libraries, art galleries for studying art, music halls for studying 
music, public and private concert rooms, the great north-western 
agricultural bureau and stock breeders' associations. All of these 
associations should be permanently established here for all time 
to come, in large, commodious quarters, fitted up expressly for 
their convenience and comfort for a small yearly rental, all of 
these luxuries should be enjoyed by the people. 

ASSEMBLY ROOM. 

There should be many assembly rooms fited up for the con- 
venience of all these different professions and associations. The 
upper stories should be fitted up expressly for observatories with 
astronomical instruments for studying the planets and with the 
finest promenade and reception gallery in the world. The base- 
ment to contain great and small vaults, for the national 
memorial security legacy banks for settling estates and bequests, 
with its thousands of other safe drawers and apartments to be 
rented to families, societies and private persons. The basement 
to be fitted for culinary apartments, with public and private din- 
ing rooms, where supper for the largest and smallest gatherings 
can be supplied on short notice, private and public parties given 
by any person or association and served in elegant style and their 
guests most cheeringly entertained in the art galleries, libraries, 
and music halls of the memorial home. 



56 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

By entertaining in the home this mighty power of thought 
on important questions that interests the people. These ad- 
vanced thoughts will produce a force that will extend into the 
mountains and in all the valleys of this western world the people 
everywhere will be benefited by its progressive influence on 
the various industries of the nation as well as in its accomplish- 
ments. 

CHICAGO'S MEMORIAL HOME AND TEMPLE OF ART SHOULD BE 200 OR 
300 FEET SQUARE AND THIRTY STORIES HIGH ITS FOUND- 
ATION ONE SOLID ROCK. 

This immense structure should be the most imposing build- 
ing in Chicago and constructed out of material that will not burn 
or decay and will practically last forever without repairing. 

ENAMELED STEEL COLUMNS. 

The entire structure will be supported by heavy enameled 
steel columns being placed over each other from the foundation 
to the top story. These columns will be held in their place by 
enamel steel frame work, between this steel frame work, plate 
glass is to be set for light with ornamental enameled tiling for 
partitions, ceiling and floors. 

WHERE PLAIN TILING IS USED FOR PARTITIONS, CEILING 

AND FLOORS. 

Cover such tiling with ornamental enameled zinc, sheet 
iron, copper or steel plate, decorated in the highest style of art, 
representing all varieties of wood, marble and the beautiful land- 
scape, charming sceneries, these decorations to be displayed by an 
art genius, the color, designs, and subjects selected, with great 
care, to suit the habit of the room to be decorated. 

WINDOW AND DOOR FRAMES 

Can be made of wood and covered with the same fireproof 
material, or can be made out of hollow steel, when the bearings 
come in contact with same material use ornamental ribbon rub- 
ber, this will make all the rooms water tight as well as air, when 
ventilated by the new device with healthful medicated air per- 
fumed with the fragrance of roses will increase the years of 
longevity in the memorial home. 

COPPER TRIMMINGS, DECORATED WITH ENAMELED TILING AND 

BEAUTIFUL DESIGNS IN PLAIN OR COLORED GLASS FOR 

INSIDE AND OUTSIDE ORNAMENTATIONS. 

There can be nothing more beautiful for cornices, centers 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 57 

and inside decorations than, plain, colored and frosted glass with 
crystal spangles, illuminated with Edison's famous electric 
illuminations, such are to be the inside and outside adornments 
of the memorial home. This device will open up a new field for 
these famous illuminations to decorate our homes and places 
of business. 

Perhaps these illumination scenes may be the famous Edison 
memorial offering for Chicago's memorial home and for posterity 
to admire the beautiful souvenir and to cherish the memory of 
the great philantropist whose genius illuminates the globe. 

THE FOUNDATION IS A SOLID ROCK. 

Chicago's memorial home can be built in perfect safety 
thirty or forty stories high just as well as twenty-five, the 
foundation is to be one solid rock, the columns solid enameled 
steel resting upon each other from the foundation stone to the 
top story, the steel floor joice and steel partitions will 
hold the columns securely in their place. The entire structure 
will be so nicely adjusted, each story will be supported on the 
columns and no story will rest on the other, which will make the 
structure as safe to live in as a two story building. 

THE STYLE OF THE MEMORIAL HOME. 

The Memorial Home can be square or octagon in style and 
should be large enough to cover a piece of ground equal to three 
hundred feet square with a large open court in the center, with 
as many as twenty or more elevators that could be used on stated 
occasions when necessary with twenty feet wide southern veran- 
das on every story around the entire structure, with fire-proof 
enameled steel shutters, ornamental balustrades, with wire safe- 
guards for the children and people. These verandas will be the 
charming remembrances of all the memorial decorations. The 
octagon style would seem to me to be very elegant and beautiful, 
especially when it would be illuminated with Edison's famous 
glass adornments and beautified with his electric illuminations. 

BEAUTIFUL AND GRAND OBSERVATORIES. 

Upon the upper stories of this famous structure there should 
be beautiful and grand observatories with wide promenading 
verandas, fitted up with telescopes, powerful magnifying glasses, 
with elegant parlors, reception rooms and studios for visitors. 
No doubt there would be hundreds of dollars taken in every day 



58 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

for the memorial educational trust fund by these grand observa- 
tories by pleasure seekers, who would love to see Chicago's 
busy life and the surrounding country and the beautiful Lake 
Michigan from the highest structure in the world. 

THESE BEAUTIFUL OUTSIDE ELECTRIC ILLUMINATIONS 

Would be perfectly grand around these observatories and octagon 
balcony, the imagination cannot conceive of anything on earth 
more charmingly picturesque and more beautiful than these 
famous electric illuminations would be on the outside and inside 
of this wonderful, charming structure. 

Upon stated occasions these electric illuminations can be dis- 
played by the gentle touch of an electric bell, the whole structure 
from the foundation stone to the roof would be in a blaze of 
glory, and by another gentle touch will set the bells of heaven 
a-ringing with the sweetest melodies of heavenly music that 
mortal ear ever heard on earth, such sweet melodies of music 
would be echoed by the multitude in shouts of hallelujahs and 
praises to God from whom all blessings flow, and the chorus re- 
echoed back in the hearts of the people, long live the memorial 
home, and long may be the memories of him and her who gave 
the cherished educational memorial that other hearts and other 
homes might be gladdened and made happy. 

Intellectual civilization appeals to our able press, to clergy- 
men and teachers, to the capitalists who represent their millions, 
to the men and women of moderate means, to the bench and bar, 
to our physicians, bankers, merchants, manufacturers, business 
men, old settlers, ladies and gentlemen, mothers, fathers, sons, 
and daughters. To you humanity appeals to assist, by your influ- 
ence, your mone\, to build this monument of culture for the peo- 
ple and intellectual training schools for the children in the ac- 
complishments of life, and to bequeath this monument of love 
as a memorial offering to the people of Chicago and their pos- 
terity. The money it will cost will be the best investment ever 
made in our fair city, and will pay the largest dividends — if not 
in cash, in rich rewards that are promised and sure to come to 
the giver, whoever he may be, that lends his money to improve 
and better the condition of his fellow-men. 

For the love we bear our children, for the love of humanity, 
for the love of heaven, where we all hope to go, let us leave this 
rich inheritance behind. It will live in the hearts of the people, 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 59 

in doing good for us when we are gone; when all the earthly 
treasures we possess have been forgotten, this legacy will live on 
through the ages to come, in memoriam of him or her who gave 
the cherished gift. 

By this immortal legacy, death does not end all, for many 
more willing hands have been put to work, instead of two, in 
doing good, and long before the next century is past, millions of 
souls will have been benefited, and will die happier deaths, and, 
as true as there is a life beyond, they will enjoy a happier 
heaven. 

Who would not give liberally of earthly possessions, and 
endow such a laudable work, become a stockholder in the courts 
heaven, and live forever in the hearts of the people like a god in 
eternity, rather than die like a brute and forgotten in a day. 
What profiteth a man if he saves millions and builds for himself 
a safe of gold and encases his selfish heart in it, at last shut the 
door and dies a miser's death, without one ray of hope, and why? 
Read the distressing scriptural verdict of the rich man and Laz- 
arus * * * * * 

Quite recently a poet stood at the bier of one of America's 
great philanthropists. As he looked upon the lifeless form he 
exclaimed: "It was not what he held in his cold, cold hand that 
made him great; it was what he had given away." His good 
deeds and kind acts had benefited his fellow man, beautified and 
enriched the world. This legacy of love for humanity endeared 
him to the living, and gave him immortality beyond the grave. 

If it be not man's good deeds and kind acts to his fellow 
man that are going to give immortality in this life and in the life 
beyond, I pray you, what will? 

ESTABLISH THIS IMPORTANT BLESSING FOR THE PEOPLE. 

If the admission to the Exposition will yield a revenue of 
$300,000 in forty days, the home, with its beautiful attractions, 
ought to bring in at least $2,000,000 every year with its immense 
revenue for rents and its other sources for making money. 

This accumulation of money is to be kept in the National 
Memorial Security Legacy Bank as a memorial trust fund. This 
fund is to be used to establish other branch memorial homes and 
libraries of practical, useful books and galleries of art for the peo- 
ple to enjoy through the poorer districts of Chicago. The memo- 
rial home will offer scholarship as premiums to the most studious- 



60 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

deserving poor young men and young ladies in these branch bu- 
reaus, and a ticket of admission to the art galleries and libraries 
of the memorial home. This noble christian work and the re- 
fining influence of this grand memorial blessing upon society will 
be vividly seen and felt in Chicago and all over this western con- 
tinent. Where could the rich and well-to-do invest their money 
for a nobler purpose than in this benevolent, intellectual institu- 
tion, where it will do so much good for the rich and poor alike, 
and where the investment would lay by a sinking fund every year 
for other memorial blessings for the people to enjoy? 

The duty each person owes his fellow man, and the object 
and usefulness of the Home are set forth as plainly as I can 
give them, in these short articles, which are only suggestions? 
barely mentioning principles of vital importance, upon subjects 
on which volumes could be written, but I leave them now with 
the people, and submit my work, with all the attending blessings 
it may bring to suffering humanity, and to the people of Chicago; 
and having faith in a united press, and in a God of Justice, and 
a generous, benevolent people to do right and justly by them- 
selves — and in doing so they will do right and justly for their fel- 
low man — I leave my subject, my heart's idol, and bequeath the 
legacy as a memorial offering to Chicago. 

My dear friends, neighbors and citizens, these beautiful 
principles of right and justice to mankind I commend to your 
trust, and shall ever pray that you may carry them forward to 
completion, and build for Chicago and the world a Temple to 
educate the people in the three crowning accomplishments of 
life — -literature, music and art, as well as the essentials, practical 
scientific industries of life. 

DEDICATED TO THE MEMORIAL HOME. 

Revered, beloved by all; were a name nearer, or dearer, it should be thine: 
within thy sacred walls love shall reign supreme. 

Union of hearts, in letters of gold, shall be inscribed upon thy banners, and 
adorn thy walls, from without as well as within. 

And thy motto shall ever be for reforms and the advancement of knowlege in 
all the avocations of life, and in its blessed accom- 
plishments in Music, Literature and Art, 

These glorious principles, upon which this beloved Temple is built, will be 

consecrated to the memory of him or her who gave the 

cherished gift, that other lives might be benefited. 

After lapse of time, in the ages to come, within its sacred walls glad hearts 

will forever beat in memory of its honored dead who 

bequeath this immortal legacy to posterity! 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 61 

HONORED AND MOST RESPECTED LADIES OF CHICAGO ! 

Organize memorial clubs in every precinct in Chicago and 
commence this noble work for humanity at o?ice; now is the golden 
opportunity, when the very air we breath is fragrant with the 
spirit of improvements, — these improvements fill the hearts of 
the people full and overflowing with energy and enterprise. 

Place at the head of these memorial clubs your most noted 
organizers and solicitors for subscriptions for building Chicago's 
memorial home, the headquarters for America's distinguished 
woman's national educational bureau. 

It is to be hoped the citizens of Chicago will not feel over- 
burdened by the sacrifices they will have to make, in establish- 
ing this memorial offering in Chicago for the advancement of 
civilization, as this memorial offering will stand forever the crown- 
ing glory for Chicago's enterprise. 

Every man, woman and child can work for such a noble 
cause, especially when the investment will live through the end- 
less ages of eternity, and will be remembered when all earthly 
treasures of to-day, have passed away and are forgotten. 

The duty of the officials of these memorial clubs is to solicit 
subscriptions and give the clubs distinguished names and keep 
a complete record ol the club and report as often as once a week 
to the memorial bureau, where the reports of clubs and subscrip- 
tions will be published in Chicago's great educator, The Memo- 
rial Home and Temple of Art. 

There is not a particle of doubt but this army of co-workers 
for humanity, with the assistance of the able press, can have in a 
few short months Chicago in a blaze of intellectual glory for the 
accomplishment of this noble work, and by a united effort on the 
part of the citizens this memorial temple, grand as it is, can be 
completed in 1893, in time for the assembling of the world's in- 
ternational congress of distinguished women from ail the nations 
on the globe. 

Here is the famous opportunity for the eloquent Ingersoll, 
Depew, Talmage, Ingalls, Mrs. P. Palmer, Logan, Willards, 
Anthonys, Stanton, and a host of other shining lights of the 19th 
century, whose life-work can be rounded out and made complete 
by their great assistance in establishing for the people this grand 
intellectual work for the advancement of civilization. 



62 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES 

I will feel honored to head a subscription list for this noble 
work, for $1,000, my beloved wife $1,000 more, and only wish 
my circumstances were such I could make it millions. Who will 
be the next stockholder to promote this laudable enterprise for 
humanity ? 



THE OFFICIALS OF 
CHICAGO'S MEMORIAL HOME AND TEMPLE OF ART. 

These memorial officials should be the solid men and women 
of Chicago whose integrity of character stands unimpeached, 
who have a record for business qualities and are over forty 
years of age. 

One president, five directors, five treasurers, fifty-vice-presi- 
dents, one thousand honorary members from all parts of the 
United States. These honorary members to represent the lead- 
ing professions and industries of the nation. 

All of these prominent officials should hold their office for 
life, unless they resign, or become incapacitated by age or disease. 
These officials should have the privilege of naming their successors 
in office (to be elected afterwards by a majority vote of all the 
vice-presidents), whom "they would like to have take their place, 
when they lay down the burden of life, to administer upon their 
estates and attend to the duties of the memorial office and memo- 
•rial trusts, as honestly, as faithfully as they have done for 
others. 

I can see no objections of having the officials of the Memori- 
al Home become the officials, administrators and guardians of 
funds in the National Memorial Security Legacy Bank, as it is 
suggested to have such a bank in the first story of the Memorial 
Home. This National Memorial Legacy Bank bureau is for 
keeping securely the Memorial Educational Trust Funds for the 
home and trust funds for orphan children, and for carrying out 
bequests in last wills and testaments, in paying annuities, and a 
clearing house for settling estates. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 63 

THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT QUES- 
TIONS BEFORE THE AMERICAN 
PEOPLE TO-DAY. 

How is the best way, and safest place to keep sacredly and 
securely for the people trust funds where they will be secure, 
where bequests in the last will and testament will be faithfully 
and honestly carried out, as they would have been, were the tes- 
tators here, to administer upon their own estates. 

Upon this subject I have given much thought and study, 
and have felt the need of a safer place to keep trust funds, and 
a better way to carry out bequests and to settle large estates than 
we now have now by the old methods and laws governing pro- 
bate courts. It does seem as though it would be a good move in 
the right direction to have the probate statutes revised especially 
in estates that are worth millions of dollars, and have a more 
reliable mode, and assurance that bequest will be carried out to 
the very letter and wishes of the testator. 

This placing millions of dollars into executors', administra- 
tors' and guardians' hands, to manage — especially when the laws we 
do have are not forcibly executed, is not business-like; no sane 
man would do so, when alive; why should he after he is dead? 
The simple reason is because there is no better place provided 
and is obliged to. 

THE NATIONAL MEMORIAL SECURITY LEGACY 
BANK WILL SOLVE THE PROBLEM. 

The time has fully come when our government should estab- 
lish in every county in the United States, one or more National 
Memorial Security Legacy banks. These banks are to be the 
clearing house for settling large estates, carrying out bequests, 
for keeping sacredly and securely all trust funds, for the govern- 
ment, and for the people. 

In these National Security Legacy banks it could take fifty 
or one hundred years to settle a large estate or small estate, any 
number of perpetual annuities could be paid out yearly or half 
yearly for any number of years, under the national legacy law, 
especially when this law was backed up by the United States 
government. 

With such a permanent government institution at command 
every person in possession of large or small fortune, can retire 



64 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

from business at any time of life, or when they become old, they 
can bequeath the whole or a portion of their money and property 
to be taken care of in the National Security Legacy bank, first 
making ample provisions for themselves and families, their child- 
ren's children, during their life time to be paid to them as stipu- 
lated in their last will and testament, with other memorial lega- 
cies which can be bequeathed, for endowing colleges, universi- 
ties, libraries, art galleries, music halls, parks and public im- 
provements, and for worthy charities; all of these bequests are 
to be for bettering the conditions of humanity. 

There is not a particle of doubt, with such a permanent in- 
stitution as this would be for keeping trust funds carrying out 
bequest, there would be in the next ten years more than one 
hundred million dollars bequeathed by our millionaries for blessed 
charities and for endowing intellectual institutions as before 
mentioned. 

This National Memorial Security Legacy Bank will do more 
towards the enlightenment of civilization and for educating 
posterity, and giving to our children's children their honest, just 
dues, than any other similar institution that has ever been de- 
vised by man. Petition the President and Congress to have 
such a law passed during the next session of Congress. 



MOSHER'S SMOKE ANNIHILATOR. 

THIS IS A SIMPLE DEVICE THAT WILL CONSUME AND ANNIHILATE 

ALL THE SMOKE IN THE MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS AND 

CITIES WHERE THE ANNIHILATOR IS USED. 

The device consists simply in laying a small pneumatic 
cylinder pipes over the tops of all the buildings on one side of a 
street, and have branch cylinder pipes from the main cylinders 
connected with every chimney along the route. 

All these main cylinder pipes run into a given center, where 
the smoke consumer and annihilator is constructed. This 
annihilator will draw by suction power every particle of smoke 
from every chimney that is connected with the main cylinders. 
This suction power forces the smoke into large receptacles and 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 65 

used over again for heating purposes, or consumed in red-hot 
furnaces, or drowned in Lake Michigan, or any stream of 
water. 

By this device there will be no more smoking chimneys. 
Every chimney will have a perfect draft, and one that can be 
regulated by a regulating damper placed in the chimney. This 
exhaust power can be made so strong it could draw ashes out of 
furnaces. 

The general construction of the systems herein described, 
together with the various details and modifications suggested or 
outlined will shortly be made the subject matter of numerous 
Letters Patent of the United States and foreign countries, which 
it is the intention of the author to apply for as the original 
inventor. 

Mr. Mosher begs to inform capitalists that he is ready to 
co-operate and organize stock companies to carry out any of 
the devices that are suggested in this book of inventions. 

AN OPEN LETTER. 
TO THE HONORABLE, THE MAYOR AND CITY FATHERS OF CHICAGO. 

My Dear Sirs : 

Just one more suggestion and I am done. In the respected 
name of Chicago, I would like to have Chicago's most honored 
mayor and city fathers when they return in September to the 
Council Chamber in City Hall, that they will voluntarily dedi- 
cate as a memorial offering to the people of Chicago and to their 
posterity, a portion of the ground known as the Lake Front for 
Chicago's Memorial Ho7iie and Temple of Art. The great object 
is minutely illustrated in this book of devices. 

Dedicate this grand memorial, with all its attending blessings 
it may bring to humanity, as it will stand forever a monument 
of love to the cherished memories of the Mayor and City Fathers 
who bequeathed the immortal legacy to posterity. 

N. B. — Work ! work ! as life is short for bettering the con- 
ditions of humanity and for improving the character of posterity. 

For this noble work God will forever bless, and by this kind 
act and good deeds done you will reap a rich harvest that will 
grow again in heaven. 

I am, most respectfully, 

Your obedient servant, 

C. D. MOSHER. 



Extract from Chicago's Recorded History 

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR OF l8QO, BY THE HONORABLE THE MAYOR 

DE WITT C. CREGIER. THIS HISTORY EVERY CITIZEN 

OUGHT TO READ AND BECOME FAMILIAR WITH 

THE IMPROVEMENTS OF CHICAGO. 

This historical record of Chicago's extensive improvements 
and growth for the fiscal year of 1890 is the most marvelous 
record for a city to make in any one year that ever was known 
on this continent. 

CHICAGO TRULY IS A FAMOUS CITY. 

She has the largest territory of any city in America, and we 
might add in the whole world. Her boundary lines inside the 
city limits embrace 181^ square miles. The city is most beauti- 
fully located, and extends north and south along the crystal 
waters of Lake Michigan twenty-one and one-half miles. The 
widest place east and west ten and one-half miles, the narrowest 
four and one-half miles, embracing the vast area of 116,000 acres 
inside the city limits. 

FINANCIAL. 

The bonded debt of the city amounts to $13,545,400, bear- 
ing interest from three and one-half to seven per cent. $983,900 
of this indebtedness was incurred by the late annexation. The 
total annual interest paid on present bonded debt for past year 
$825,350.40. The bonded debt will be increased during the next 
two years by the issuance of four per cent, bonds; $5,000,000 as 
authorized by the State Legislature for increased expenses for 
World's Fair, which will make the city debt little more than 
$18,500,000. This is a much smaller debt than any other city of 
a similar size. 

SPECIAL ASSESSMENTS REBATE. 

Special efforts were made to notify citizens to whom rebates 
were due. The result, the city refunded $796,000 — $300,000 
more than any previous year. 

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS. 

This branch of the city's industries had an unusually active 
season in all its departments, 108 miles of new pavement has 
been laid, 116 miles the year before, making, with all other 
paved streets, a total of 662 miles of paved streets in Chicago. 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 67 

Nearly one quarter of a million square yards of the old pave- 
ments have been relaid during the year. This is the most 
work of this class ever performed in two years in the history of 
Chicago. 

SIDEWALKS. 

Over 433 miles of sidewalks were laid during the year, 
against 191 miles laid the previous year; 7,137 miles of streets 
were cleaned as against 6,800 miles in 1889. 

WATER PIPES. 

Over 133 miles of water pipes were added to the water sys- 
tem, at a cost of over one quarter a million dollars, against eighty- 
nine miles laid the previous year. There are now 1,205 miles of 
water pipes in the city, 12,000 fire hydrant, and large numbers of 
street cisterns with water mains for fire service. The record 
shows 154,000 water service connections with buildings exclusive 
of those late annexed districts, of which, as yet, there is no 
record. The total cost of the water works is nearly $17,000,000. 
The total revenue amounts to over $25,000,000, showing a sur- 
plus of receipts over expenditures of over $8,000,000. The rev- 
enue on account of water during the past year was nearly 
$2,267,900. The work on the four-mile tunnel is progressing, 
and will be completed on time in two and one-half years. 

BRIDGES AND VIADUCTS. 

Eight new bridges and viaducts have been constructed and 
Rush street new bridge is operated by electric power, and if it 
proves a success all other bridges will be built upon this new 
system. 

SEWERS. 

Nearly seventy-two miles of sewers have been added to the 
city during the year, making the total in the city 785 miles. 300 
miles of sewers and 12,000 catch basins have been cleaned; 6,000 
of the latter were raised to grade. Forty-seven miles of house 
drains have been laid. 

THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT 

Of a city like Chicago finds ample scope for the exercise of 
ability, diligence and official faithfulness in the discharge of im- 
portant duties of that branch of municipal service, The report 
of the commissioner reveals much to interest officials and the 
people, The past year has been marked by extraordinary 



68 PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 

conditions within a period of four months; 100,000 people suf- 
fered from influenza. The mortality has been unusually large, 
especially among the old, prominent citizens. The year closed 
with a death rate of 18.22 as against 17.49 for the previous year. 
The total number of deaths for the year was 21,856, nearly one- 
half under five years of age; 20,000 persons were vaccinated 
and not one single case of smallpox was known to occur in the 
city. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT 

Consists of 914 men in all capacities, 209 fire apparatus, 89 sta- 
tions, 387 horses, 115,000 feet, or nearly twenty-two miles, of 
hose. During the year the department responded to 4,639 alarms, 
of which 3459 were fires; 104 men were injured, but not a life 
was sacrificed. 

ELECTRIC LIGHTS. 

The electric light system has been extended by additional 
plants. The 14th street and Indiana avenue plants have a ca- 
pacity for 850 street lights. The present four plants have a 
combined capacity of 3,000, lights. The total expenditure of the 
city to date for electric lights is $520, 184.47. 

POLICE DEPARTMENT. 

Chicago has 1,680 effective policemen for a population of 
1,200,000. This makes one policeman to be a guardian over 
about about 715 persons and to protect 181^ square miles, 
whilst New York city has 3,100 effective policemen to protect 
only forty square miles and a population of 1,700,000. This 
gives one police to guard seventy-seven persons, at a cost for 
police service $2.60 per capita per annum, whilst in Chicago, for 
like service $1.83 per capita. 

PROPERTY, LOST OR STOLEN. 

For the year ending March $283,000 worth of property was 
reported lost or stolen; recovered nearly $231,000; over eighty 
per cent, saved. The number of arrests made, 63,321. The 
total number of police officers and men are 1,900: the number of 
horses 163:. thirty-eight patrol wagons, twenty-five carts and 
buggies; thirty-three station; 654 patrol horses. 

EDUCATIONAL GROWTH. 

In 1887 there was appropriated for educational purposes 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 69 

$2,250,000; in 1888 nearly $2,500,000; in 1889 about the same; 
in 1890, nearly $4,750,000; for the present year, 1891, over 
$5,500,000. Total in five years $17,500,000. There are 218 
school buildings with a seating capacity of 125,000 scholars; 186 
school rooms added the past year. Total enrollment of pupils 
139,000. Night schools cost the city $77,000. Compulsory 
education cost the city $15,000; deaf and dumb tuition $5,000; 
manual training, $10,000; music, $13,000; drawing, $17,500; 
physical culture, $15,500; foreign languages, over $115,000. 

PUBLIC LIBRARY. 

The interest in our public library increases every year. The 
year ending March, 1891, the circulation was one and one-quarter 
million books. Nearly 18,000 volumes were added during the year, 
making, in the twenty-four branch stations throughout the city, 
161,000. A glance at the reading rooms to see the regular atten- 
dance and the number of books being read is the best evidence 
showing how the public library is appreciated by the people of 
Chicago. 

BUILDING DEPARTMENT. 

In 1889, 7,590 buildings were erected, covering over thirty- 
four miles of street frontage, costing $31,516,000; during 1890, 
11,640 buildings covering a street frontage of fifty-one miles, 
costing $48,000,000. This would seem to indicate the people 
had abiding faith in Chicago's future greatness. 

HOUSE OF CORRECTION. 

During the year, 7,253 males and 1,204 females, total 8,457 
persons, were committed to this institution. Eighteen deaths 
occured. 1,300 volumes, by voluntary contributions, were con- 
tributed by the citizens as a nucleus for a library for the benefit 
of these unfortunate persons. The younger inmates of both 
sexes receive a daily course of instruction from competent 
teachers. 

TAXES COLLECTED FOR 189O. 

Taxes — Collections for 1890 were $3,571,164.86, an increase 
over previous year $202,589.85. The following is a tabulated 
data approximating the cost and value of the described city 
property. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

The following tabulation of data not referred to in the body 



70 



PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES. 



of this report, with approximate estimate of cost and valuations 
is submitted for reference: 



Water Works, . 

Sewers, 

School Property, 

Police Property, 

Fire Property, 

Public Library, 

Street Lamps, 

Electric Light Property, 

Real Estate, 

Buildings, . . . 

House of Correction, 



Actual Cost. 

$17,000,000 

11,000,000 

10,000,000 

550,000 

2,000,000 

300,000 

750,000 

500,000 

1,000,000 

2,000,000 

800,000 

$45,900,000 



Liabilities, bonded debt, 

Making a total (net) value of city property of 
Assessed valuation of real and personal 

property, ..... 
Total amount of levy for city purposes, 
Revenue for licenses, 
Number of steam railways entering city, 
Miles of street railway track laid 
Miles electric wire, 
Acres in public parks, 
Miles of drives, 
Miles of streets in city, 
Number of river bridges, 
Number of viaducts, 
Number of street lamps, 
Miles of river frontage, 
Arrivals and departure of vessels, 
Vessels' tonnage, 



Cash Value. 

$50,000,000 

11,000,000 

11,000,000 

844,000 

2,500,006 

232,000 

750,000 

2,000,000 

1,000,000 

2,000,000 

1,000,000 

$82 326,000 
13,545,4^0 

$68,780,600 

219^354^368 OO 

4.397.087 3D 
3,000,000 OO 

35 

396 

1,200 

3. 2 9o 

74 

2,300 

61 

29 
37,000 

4i 

19,000 

,744,000 






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BUILD FOR THE PEOPLE 



Chicago's Memorial Home 
Temple of Art. 



<s">^ S> The Great School-house of Learning, and for Building up itohle Characters of Life. (S - ^^-^ 

See Page 49, Book of Inventions, by C. D. Mosher, 



A SCRAP BOOK 



PRESIDENT AND LAW-MAKERS OF AMERICA. 

Is a Souvenir for the Unborn Millions. 

PRICE, 50 CENTS. 



THE SUBJECT OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE PEOPLE. 

Commencing with the Beginning of Life, and Ending that Life in Heaven, 



A SOUVENIR, TEXTS AND REFERENCES 



FOR NEWSPAPERS and PUBLISHERS, 

ON 

Subjects that Interest Every State and Country, 

ON WHICH VOLUMES COULD BE WRITTEN. 



By agitating these National Questions, will Improve the Industries of the Nation and 
Better the Conditions of the Human Race. 



Agents Wanted in Every Cotinty in flirterica and Europe, 



ADDRESS THE AUTHOR, 



<Q.$yiy»r. 



2726 WABASH AVE., CHICAGO, ILL. 



BY THE LAW, THE VALUE OF ONE LIFE IS 
$5,000, 



AT THIS SAME RATE THE VALUE OF 



400 LIVES WOULD BE $2,000,000. 



There is but a very small part of this money that ever gets in the 
pocket books of the survivors of the murdered men and women who are 
killed in Chicago by surface railroad companies. The exact amount that is 
paid out for these 400 lives can only be obtained from the railroad com- 
panies' cash books, where this terrible mortality list of killed, wounded and 
crippled for life are kept. 

THE SETTLEMENT FOR THESE PRECIOUS LIVES ARE ALL MADE 
HE SAME BASIS. 

No matter if the murdered person that was killed was the only son 
of a poor widowed mother, whose support depended on that son, or perhaps 
it may be the father, or still the greater loss— the dear mother of that once 
happy family of little children. The custom is all the same — pay just as 
small amount of this $2,000,000 as you possibly can for the lives of these 
400 persons who are killed every year. To accomplish this all manner of 
crafty, intriguing cunning is resorted to by educated professional men, 
whose specialty in life is to prey upon the broken hearts of these poor, per- 
haps ignorant mothers, fathers, brothers and sisters, who are the survivors 
of these murdered persons, who are borne down with sorrow and grief, and 
in straightened circumstances ; they settle their just claim of $5,000 for any 
sum almost that they can get, rather than go to law. 

This is the popular system for settling these diabolical murder cases 
that are committed so unnecessarily in our enterprising city, noted for killing 
400 people every year in this cruel manner by surface railroading across 
public thoroughfares in our crowded city of over 1.200,000 people. This is 
cruel injustice and should not be tolerated in a civilized city like Chicago, 
espacially when it can be so easily prevented, simply by honest justice being 
meted out to the people, and by our city officials compelling the railroad 
companies to elevate their tracks. 

OBEY THE LAWS AND DO RIGHT BY TH*E PEOPLE 

Is the priceless jewel that is set in the golden crown of the goddess of liberty, 
and is our cherished motto in our republican government, that was created 
for the people and was made by the people, to enjoy without being injured, 
crippled or killed, by usurpation of authority, or by the money power of 
monopolies, railroad companies, or by any selfish, grasping corporations. 
all is the imperative demands of the people, and this justice 
md it must be enfn 



